Economic Integration Of The Baltic Sea Region Essay Example For Students

Financial Integration Of The Baltic Sea Region Essay Financial Integration of the Baltic Sea Regionand the Passenger Traffic IssuesHelsingin YliopistoBaltic CitiesAugust 2000Christopher Dahlstrand and Devon WebsterTable of Contents:I.Introduction2II.Goals of Economic Integration2III.VASAB 20103IV.Oresund versus Helsinki Tallinn Link4V.Aviation Development in Scandinavia7VI.Conclusion10VII.Works Cited11I. IntroductionEconomic incorporation isn't a simple errand. This is unmistakably apparent by its tendency, and much more so an issue in the Baltic area where there have been such a significant number of political changes in late history. We have seen the development of three recently re-autonomous states, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. East and West Germany have been brought together to frame another country. The socialist legislatures of the previous Soviet Bloc have been supplanted by vote based system. These progressions have made monetary reconciliation progressively troublesome, yet in addition somewhat increasingly fundamental. Eu rope overall is turning into a financially coordinated association, chiefly in the countries of the European Union, however in non-part countries too. Maybe the best case of this marvel of monetary incorporation is the presentation of a typical European money, the Euro. This more than anything connotes the progressions and levels of expanding co-activity between European Union countries. A subsequent model could be the making of a typical exchange zone, with the making of a typical duty base and the abrogation of import-send out expenses, and the production of the normal European market, where business adequately get the opportunity to regard the whole European Union as one state. Since monetary mix has been a significant issue in the new EU, there have been durable consequences for the Baltic Sea area. For the motivations behind this paper, we have decided to look at the effects of financial joining in the Baltic area in the transportation division. This work will analyze the signi ficance of monetary incorporation, the VASAB 2010 task, and two contextual investigations. These examinations will explore flying advancement in Scandinavia and its attainability, just as the chance of a Helsinki-Tallinn interface like the scaffold connect opened in Oresund. Monetary incorporation is difficult to address completely in a short paper, however ideally this work will at any rate address the significant perspectives affecting transportation issues with connection to financial matters in the Baltic Sea locale. II. Objectives of Economic IntegrationDefinitionEconomic combination can be characterized as a financial partnership or system dependent on co-activity, cooperation, adaptability, adjustment, hazard and cost decrease, shared interests and goals, closeness, receptiveness, and a responsibility between various nations on a coordinating, progressing premise. ExplanationThis rather specialized definition basically implies that financial incorporation is the making of a system of similar states who, together, plan monetary objectives and work together to achieve these objectives. Financial reconciliation can be practiced dependent upon the situation, or can be a continuous joint effort between countries to upgrade monetary conditions over an extensive stretch of time. Maybe it is ideal to clarify with a model: that of the co-activity between Tornio in Finland and Haparanda in Sweden. In this example, these two bordertowns have chosen to co-work on a number if issues to improve the personal satisfaction and monetary movement in the district. In view of their co-activity, the two urban communities have profited by upgraded city-offered types of assistance, which every town all alone would not have had the option to bear. These two urban areas have been fruitful enough in their monetary joining that there are currently discusses incorporating the whole locale riding the Sea of Bothnia. This district of effective monetary coordination can be utilized as a model for different zones, both in Scandinavia and all through the world. Connection of Economic Integration to Land and Air Transportation Economic mix and transportation are firmly connected. In reality, it is hard to have joining of any kind, including monetary, in a territory without the capacity to get from one area to the next. In the event that a connection is made between to already unlinked territories, there are various monetary outcomes. A model timetable is expanded the travel industry at first, trailed by private venture speculation, and eventually the ascent of co-activity in significant undertakings. Transportation joins make monetary advantages for both of the connected zones, and transportation, in the entirety of its structures, can in this way be supposed to be a significant factor in making the financial mix of a territory. III. VASAB 2010As a strengthening issue to the bigger subject of this paper, we will talk about VASAB 2010. In August of 1992, delegates from national and provincial services of the Baltic Sea Region answerable for s patial arranging and advancement met in Karlskorona in Sweden to talk about the eventual fate of spatial improvement for the Region. The result of this summitt was a changeless co-activity between the administrations of the Baltic Sea Region in the field of spatial arranging as a program called Visions and Strategies Around the Baltic Sea 2010. (Westerman 169) The program, or vision that is VASAB 2010 in its most fundamental structure is planned for improving the personal satisfaction in the territory of the Baltic Sea. Four additional components comprise the core of the program, and give it reason: (Westerman 171)- improvement past monetary development and thriving,- financial, social and ecological manageability, - opportunity relating to the capacity to pick as per local inclinations,- solidarity, sharing advantages from monetary turn of events. Since the primary gathering in 1992, the 11 taking an interest nations have met to examine activity anticipates a standard premise. A rundown of need activities was assembled in 1996, featuring ventures that the VASAB nations settled upon to be generally basic around then. (Westerman 172) Of this rundown, a few of those undertakings have pushed ahead. Pilot ventures concentrating on transport passageways in quick creating zones, for example, Tampere-Helsinki-Tallinn-Riga, and the territories encompassing the Trans European Motorway have quickened effectively. The advancement of a vehicle arrange in the Baltic Sea Region has positive and negative consequences for local turn of events. A superior arrangement of transportation would upgrade financial improvement by expanding portability openings, drawing in capital and improving openness. Simultaneously, too serious advancement can endanger the conservation of normal assets, natural life zones and the earth. In this way, agreement must be looked for between the improvement of hallways and the safeguarding of touchy territories. VASAB 2010 perceives that spatial arranging and financial incorporation must move its consideration from exclusively the structure of a framework, to the investigation of green territories, safeguarding of assets and common scene, and a methods for accommodating financial advancement with nature and culture. VASAB 2010 is well headed to accomplishing it objectives of reconciliation and harmony by showing that its projects can be done, while adjusting monetary improvement with ecologically and socially stable methods for land and water transport that will take the area well into the 21st century. IV. Oresund versus Helsinki-Tallinn LinkThere are three inquiries I present for this segment, which thinks about the as of late opened Oresund-Malmo interface, associating the city and environs of Copenhagen with southern Sweden. These inquiries are: Would a connection like Oresund be required for H elsinki and Tallinn, would it be a down to earth venture, and would it be plausible (which means would it be a specialized chance)? As we will see, there are numerous likenesses among Copenhagen and Malmo and among Helsinki and Tallinn. For example, the populaces of the districts are astoundingly comparative, with every city pair containing around 1.5 million occupants. Another likeness is that it is foreseen that the Oresund connection will cause 4,015,000 intersections every year, surprisingly near the 5 million that presently utilize the Helsinki-Tallinn joins. (Janos 22) Are these likenesses enough to cause the development of the biggest land connect ever? Is a Link Between Helsinki and Tallinn Needed?This in a fascinating inquiry to posture, and there are unquestionably different sides to this issue. On one hand, we have as much as 5 million Finns and Estonians making the traverse the Gulf of Finland yearly. This would obviously demonstrate a solid interest for provincial trans portation joins. Then again, we need to take a gander at the reasons individuals are making the intersection, and what another connection would mean, or not mean, to them. First lets analyze the issue of the amounts of individuals making the intersection now. Since the fall of the Soviet Union and the freedom of Estonia in 1991, there has been a sensational increment in rush hour gridlock among Finland and Estonia. Up until autonomy, it was incredibly hard to make the intersection without first experiencing a go-between goal, for example, Moscow or St. Petersburg. There have been ships crossing the Gulf of Finland since 1965, be that as it may, the traffic was intensely directed by the Soviet government and was to a great extent restricted to the traveler exchange. (Ruoppila 124) Since the main connection was built up after Estonian re-freedom, and turned out to be progressively well known, we currently have around 5 million individuals making the intersection yearly. In the very ne arly multi year time frame there has been a colossal development rate in the intersection. In the event that the pattern proceeds, there would be an interest for a type of scaffold or passage among Helsinki and Tallinn. Notwithstanding, one should likewise take a gander at the number of inhabitants in the district. In Helsinki and Tallinn joined, there are around 1,334,000 occupants. For the two nations, the consolidated populace is a little more than 7 million individuals. For there to be up to 5 million intersections yearly, there eithe

Gimme an A (I Insist) by Abigail Sullivan Moore Article

Gimme An (I Insist) by Abigail Sullivan Moore - Article Example So as to consider the degree of it a review was directed in around 400 schools and colleges, meeting the understudies and the result is the inclination that Something is amiss†. It was seen that the individuals who got A were around 50%, about 18% high since 1968. It is the result of overwhelming weights put on the educators by understudies and guardians. They have just one want, and that is to get confirmation in the presumed schools. This is disturbing in light of the fact that nobody knows about what is in question. They appear to be uninformed of future difficulties. Aside from the weights, being put by the understudies and guardians, on the instructors for getting a higher evaluation, the understudies likewise resort to different methods of introducing themselves as great. Cheating has gotten normal. The accessibility of data and information through the web has been enticing understudies to download them effectively and submit them to the educators as their own work. At that point the propensity for re-appropriating the assignments are on the ascent. It has been seen, says Sullivan, that while the senior’s grade climbed the SAT score stays unaltered. This pattern, he found, began expanding since the 199s. The purposes behind this could be the ascent in the individuals from the center salary bunch getting mindful of the â€Å"hard-to-get† schools. They attempt to send their wards to such presumed places. Additionally, their â€Å"discretionary income† empowers them to pay more. He cites the board’s VP, Wayne J. Camara, who said that ‘‘Everyone cannot get As†. The creator accepts that the times of the evaluating framework is finished. Learning will be high and consistent. Evaluations or no evaluations, the understudies continually make headway in their knowledge.â

Top 5 Mind Expanding Podcasts on YouTube

Top 5 Mind Expanding Podcasts on YouTube 5 Top Podcasts to Expand Your Mind and Improve Your Knowledge 5 Top Podcasts to Expand Your Mind and Improve Your Knowledge The way that we consume content and information changed forever with the internet. New mediums of communication, and the universal availability of virtually free platforms has given more or less everyone a voice. Perhaps the most exciting new communication technology to emerge out of this new digital landscape is the podcast. The podcast has given intelligent, awe-inspiring, clear-headed, moral people around the world a platform from which to broadcast. The number of important voices that would not be around today if it werent for the podcast format is depressing to think about. Below are 5 mind expanding podcasts you may want to check out. The Joe Rogan Experience Many people dismiss Joe Rogan out of hand because they think that a bald, muscular, UFC commentator couldnt possibly have anything worthwhile to say. While you dont have to agree with Joe on everything, he is undoubtedly an intelligent, well-spoken, erudite, and generally sensible guy. His guest list is also incredible. The range of different academics, politicians, public intellectuals, scientists, philosophers, and comedians that he has on for 2-4 hour debates and conversations is staggering. The topics covered and the new information you will be exposed to make the JRE highly worth the subscription. Waking up Podcast â€" Sam Harris Neuroscientist, author, public intellectual, cultural critic and meditation aficionado, Sam Harris, is maybe one of the most well spoken, level headed and interesting voices of the 21st century, so far. Harris podcast tackles everything, from religion, to politics, to metaphysical arguments with leading philosophers, computer scientists, psychologists, even former world champion chess player, Gary Kasparov. It is truly inspiring, and humbling, to listen to some of the greatest minds in the world debate big issues, as well as many hard to grasp, more esoteric issues. Your understanding of reality and moral reasoning will not be the same after listening to Sam Harris. Radio Lab Radio Lab is a multi-media rich podcast that blends storytelling with science in an effort to explore physical reality. Their guest list is similarly broad and eclectic, with a wide range of scientists, and academics weighing in and lending their education and expertise to the explorations. Some of the more jaw dropping of the episodes include the ones on “colours,” “space” and “words.” 99% Invisible You will never look at design and architecture the same way after you watch this podcast. Award winning producer, Roman Mars, enlightens the audience on how people have become, more or less, completely inured to the incredible feats of architecture and design that we see around us on a daily basis. The episodes are fast, relaxing and filled with mind expanding knowledge that is great for a commute because you can apply it to what you see out the window as you go. Quirks and Quarks This is a weekly podcast hosted by Bob McDonald and is essentially a current events podcast on what is new in the world of scientific inquiry and discovery. The mind expanding show is divided into multiple segments where the topic is discussed, and the host conducts a question and answer period with the scientist, or team of scientists behind the findings. So much is happening on a daily basis on the frontiers of science that its difficult to stay informed on all of the amazing discoveries and breakthroughs that are happening around us. The truth is, there are hundreds upon hundreds of podcasts out there that you could, and if you had an infinite amount of free time, should be listening to. Only you can curate your own perfect list, but the above 5 mind expanding podcasts are a great place to start. If you liked what you read and want to find out more about how Homework Help Canada can help with your studies, check out our services page today. References: (2015). “What’s an Educational Podcast I Should Start Listening to?” Reddit. Retrieved from: Mathers, D. (2015). “Top 5 Podcasts Expanding Consciousness.” Mind Debris. Retrieved from: Yesilbas, A. (2013). “13 Smart Podcasts That Will Feed Your Hunger for Knowledge and Ideas.” io9. Retrieved from: 13-smart-podcasts-that-will-feed-your-hunger-for-knowle-472895324 Top 5 Mind Expanding Podcasts on YouTube 5 Top Podcasts to Expand Your Mind and Improve Your Knowledge 5 Top Podcasts to Expand Your Mind and Improve Your Knowledge The way that we consume content and information changed forever with the internet. New mediums of communication, and the universal availability of virtually free platforms has given more or less everyone a voice. Perhaps the most exciting new communication technology to emerge out of this new digital landscape is the podcast. The podcast has given intelligent, awe-inspiring, clear-headed, moral people around the world a platform from which to broadcast. The number of important voices that would not be around today if it werent for the podcast format is depressing to think about. Below are 5 mind expanding podcasts you may want to check out. The Joe Rogan Experience Many people dismiss Joe Rogan out of hand because they think that a bald, muscular, UFC commentator couldnt possibly have anything worthwhile to say. While you dont have to agree with Joe on everything, he is undoubtedly an intelligent, well-spoken, erudite, and generally sensible guy. His guest list is also incredible. The range of different academics, politicians, public intellectuals, scientists, philosophers, and comedians that he has on for 2-4 hour debates and conversations is staggering. The topics covered and the new information you will be exposed to make the JRE highly worth the subscription. Waking up Podcast â€" Sam Harris Neuroscientist, author, public intellectual, cultural critic and meditation aficionado, Sam Harris, is maybe one of the most well spoken, level headed and interesting voices of the 21st century, so far. Harris podcast tackles everything, from religion, to politics, to metaphysical arguments with leading philosophers, computer scientists, psychologists, even former world champion chess player, Gary Kasparov. It is truly inspiring, and humbling, to listen to some of the greatest minds in the world debate big issues, as well as many hard to grasp, more esoteric issues. Your understanding of reality and moral reasoning will not be the same after listening to Sam Harris. Radio Lab Radio Lab is a multi-media rich podcast that blends storytelling with science in an effort to explore physical reality. Their guest list is similarly broad and eclectic, with a wide range of scientists, and academics weighing in and lending their education and expertise to the explorations. Some of the more jaw dropping of the episodes include the ones on “colours,” “space” and “words.” 99% Invisible You will never look at design and architecture the same way after you watch this podcast. Award winning producer, Roman Mars, enlightens the audience on how people have become, more or less, completely inured to the incredible feats of architecture and design that we see around us on a daily basis. The episodes are fast, relaxing and filled with mind expanding knowledge that is great for a commute because you can apply it to what you see out the window as you go. Quirks and Quarks This is a weekly podcast hosted by Bob McDonald and is essentially a current events podcast on what is new in the world of scientific inquiry and discovery. The mind expanding show is divided into multiple segments where the topic is discussed, and the host conducts a question and answer period with the scientist, or team of scientists behind the findings. So much is happening on a daily basis on the frontiers of science that its difficult to stay informed on all of the amazing discoveries and breakthroughs that are happening around us. The truth is, there are hundreds upon hundreds of podcasts out there that you could, and if you had an infinite amount of free time, should be listening to. Only you can curate your own perfect list, but the above 5 mind expanding podcasts are a great place to start. If you liked what you read and want to find out more about how Homework Help USA can help with your studies, check out our services page today. References: (2015). “What’s an Educational Podcast I Should Start Listening to?” Reddit. Retrieved from: Mathers, D. (2015). “Top 5 Podcasts Expanding Consciousness.” Mind Debris. Retrieved from: Yesilbas, A. (2013). “13 Smart Podcasts That Will Feed Your Hunger for Knowledge and Ideas.” io9. Retrieved from: 13-smart-podcasts-that-will-feed-your-hunger-for-knowle-472895324

International Business Essay Questions - 6472 Words

International Business – Essay Questions 1. Gini Coefficient: The gini index is a measure of statistical dispersion, a measure of the inequality of a distribution, 0 being total equality and a value of 1 maximal inequality. It is most commonly used in economics to assess the inequality of wealth or income, but is also used in other fields such as health, science, ecology, chemistry and engineering. Gini coefficients range from 0.23 (Sweden) to 0.70 (Namibia), but not every country has been assessed. The index is defined through the Lorenz curve, by plotting the proportion of the total income of the population (y-axis) by the bottom x% of the population): The 45 degree line represents the total inequality line. The Gini coefficient is†¦show more content†¦It is defined as a forum for the countries committed to democracy and the market economy, where discussions revolve around policy experiences, common problems, identifying good practices and coordinating domestic and international policies of its members. Initially, the organization began in Europe in 1948 (OEEC) in France to help administer the Marshal Plan for reconstructing Europe after WWII. Its membership was extended to non-European states in 1961, when it was renamed the OECD. Most members are high-income economies with a high HDI index, and are regarded as developed nations (Chile being the exception). Headquarters are in Paris. In the 1950’s, the OEEC provided the framework for negotiations to created a European free trade area to bring members together on a multilateral basis. The OECD was founded consisting of all European memberships as well as the USA and Canada, Japan joining three years later. 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Types of Sampling Designs Used in Sociology

Since its rarely possible to study an entire population of focus, researchers use samples when they seek to collect data and answer research questions. A sample is simply a subset of the population being studied; it represents the larger population and is used to draw inferences about that population. Sociologists typically use two sampling techniques: those based on probability and those that are not. They can generate different kinds of samples using both techniques. Non-Probability Sampling Techniques The non-probability model is a technique in which samples are gathered in a way that does not give all individuals in a population equal chances of being selected. While choosing a non-probability method could result in biased data or a limited ability to make general inferences based on the findings, there are also many situations in which choosing this kind of sampling technique is the best choice for the particular research question or the stage of research. Four kinds of samples may be created with the non-probability model. Reliance on Available Subjects Relying on available subjects is a risky model that requires a great deal of caution on the part of the researcher. Since it entails sampling passersby or individuals with whom researchers randomly come into contact, it is sometimes referred to as a convenience sample because it does not allow the researcher to have any control over the representativeness of the sample. While this sampling method has drawbacks, it is useful if the researcher wants to study the characteristics of people passing by on a street corner at a certain point in time, especially if conducting such research would not be possible otherwise. For this reason, convenience samples are commonly used in the early or pilot stages of research, before a larger research project is launched. Though this method can be useful, the researcher will not be able to use the results from a convenience sample to generalize about a wider population. Purposive or Judgmental Sample A purposive or judgmental sample is one that is selected based on the knowledge of a population and the purpose of the study. For example, when sociologists at the University of San Francisco wanted to study the long-term emotional and psychological effects of choosing to terminate a pregnancy, they created a sample that exclusively included women whod gotten abortions. In this case, the researchers used a purposive sample because those being interviewed fit a specific purpose or description that was necessary to conduct the research. Snowball Sample A snowball sample is appropriate to use in research when the members of a population are difficult to locate, such as homeless individuals, migrant workers, or undocumented immigrants. A snowball sample is one in which the researcher collects data on the few members of the target population he or she can locate and then asks those individuals to provide the information needed to locate other members of that population. For example, if a researcher wanted to interview undocumented immigrants from Mexico, she might interview a few undocumented individuals that she knows or can locate. Afterward, she would rely on those subjects to help locate more undocumented individuals. This process continues until the researcher has all the interviews she needs, or until all contacts have been exhausted. This technique is useful when studying a sensitive topic that people might not openly talk about, or if talking about the issues under investigation could jeopardize their safety. A recommendation from a friend or acquaintance that the researcher can be trusted works to grow the sample size.   Quota Sample A quota sample is one in which units are selected into a sample on the basis of pre-specified characteristics so that the total sample has the same distribution of characteristics assumed to exist in the population being studied. For example, researchers conducting a national quota sample might need to know which proportion of the population is male and which proportion is female. They might also need to know the percentage of men and women who fall under different age, race, or class brackets, among others. The researcher would then collect a sample that reflected those proportions. Probability Sampling Techniques The probability model is a technique wherein samples are gathered in a way that gives all the individuals in the population an equal chance of being selected. Many consider this to be the more methodologically rigorous approach to sampling because it eliminates social biases that could shape the research sample. Ultimately, though, the sampling technique you choose should be the one that best allows you to respond to your particular research question. There are four kinds of probability sampling techniques. Simple Random Sample The simple random sample is the basic sampling method assumed in statistical methods and computations. To collect a simple random sample, each unit of the target population is assigned a number. A set of random numbers  is then generated and the units of those numbers are included in the sample. A researcher studying a population of 1,000 might wish to choose a random sample of 50 people. First, each person is numbered 1 through 1,000. Then, you generate a list of 50 random numbers, typically with a computer program, and the individuals assigned those numbers are the ones included in the sample. When studying people, this technique is best used with a homogenous population, or one that does not differ much by age, race, education level, or class. This is because when dealing with a more heterogeneous population, a researcher runs the risk of creating a biased sample if demographic differences are not taken into account. Systematic Sample In a systematic sample, the elements of the population are put into a list and then every nth element in the list is chosen systematically for inclusion in the sample. For example, if the population of study contained 2,000 students at a high school and the researcher wanted a sample of 100 students, the students would be put into list form and then every 20th student would be selected for inclusion in the sample. To ensure against any possible human bias in this method, the researcher should select the first individual at random. This is technically called a systematic sample with a random start. Stratified Sample A stratified sample is a sampling technique in which the researcher divides the entire target population into different subgroups  or strata, and then randomly selects the final subjects proportionally from the different strata. This type of sampling is used when the researcher wants to highlight specific subgroups within the population. For example, to obtain a stratified sample of university students, the researcher would first organize the population by college class and then select appropriate numbers of freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors. This would ensure that the researcher has adequate amounts of subjects from each class in the final sample. Cluster Sample Cluster sampling may be used when it is either impossible or impractical to compile an exhaustive list of the elements that make up the target population. Usually, however, the population elements are already grouped into subpopulations and lists of those subpopulations already exist or can be created. Perhaps a studys target population is church members in the United States. There is no list of all church members in the country. The researcher could, however, create a list of churches in the United States, choose a sample of churches, and then obtain lists of members from those churches. Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Breast Cancer Speech Free Essays

Breast Cancer The topic of cancer is a very sensitive one. Cancer is a disease of which in many cases is fatal and has affected the lives of many and sadly will continue to affect the lives of many more. I chose to explore the topic of breast cancer because it is one of personal interest to me. We will write a custom essay sample on Breast Cancer Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now This topic interests me for various reasons but mainly because breast cancer is most prone to and extremely common in women of all ages and I myself am a young woman growing up in society. As shown in recent statistics———————–. I also wanted to make others aware of the harsh reality of breast cancer and expose them to some of the true emotions experienced by the victims and their loved ones. My I. A. is based on how a woman’s life is affected by being diagnoses with breast cancer. It explores the emotional impact on her and the way in which she handles this difficult time in her life. It also shows the support given to her by her best friend who goes through this difficult time with her. Just as in the story many women are being diagnosed with breast cancer everyday and as said before, unfortunately it is extremely prominent and common in females. Dying of Breast Cancer in the 1800s iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/dying-of-breast-cancer-in-the-1800s/embed/#?secret=DZlgKsqrgM" data-secret="DZlgKsqrgM" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Dying of Breast Cancer in the 1800s#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe Cancer not only affects the lives of the patient but also their many loved ones or anyone close to them for that matter. It is a disease which can affect the emotional, social and financial well being of an individual. When an individual is diagnosed with breast cancer or any cancer at all their lives and lifestyles can change drastically over a short period of time. These changes are usually for the worst. It may take a lot of time together with love and support to restore lives back to their normal order or as close to it as possible. Some of the difficulties experienced in writing about this topic were being able to capture actual emotions of a cancer patient and the effects on their loved ones. While it was almost extremely easy to think of some of the possible emotional effects of cancer, it was a difficult task to actually transfer their emotions to paper. I was able to overcome this difficulty by reading actual articles written by real cancer victims on the internet. By reading their articles I was able to internalize and better understand some of their emotions. With this being said, the internet was my main source of information. I visited sites which contained both fictional and factual articles on cancer patients. The internet was a great source because I was able to pull both recent and dated information and even future estimated statistics. My other sources where books written about breast cancer patients. Those too were good sources because they provided great facts and true emotions. In general all sources used seemed to be extremely reliable as they provided information written by experts and they provided statistics from many researches which were all fairly dated. In conclusion, breast cancer is a topic of great interest to me because of its effects on women. Although there were some difficulties experienced in expressing the real emotion of breast cancer patients, I was able to overcome that with the use of reliable sources and information. I have personally been able to learn a great deal from the exploration of this topic. I am now aware of the reality of this disease and the tragedy it brings to a family. As a young woman growing up in society I will try my best to prevent the contraction of this disease in any way possible and I hope that readers both locally and internationally, will assist in the promotion in breast cancer awareness and education. How to cite Breast Cancer Speech, Papers

The Ideals Of Justice Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Ideals Of Justice Essay, Research Paper The thought of justness has been really outstanding in the readings and treatments that we have had this one-fourth. The Old Testament and Plato # 8217 ; s Republic both give definitions and ideals of justness, but sometimes these thoughts are contrasting or even hypocritical in their several patterns. These books both give illustrations of justness and how people come across their single thoughts of what justness is. I will seek to research these ideas and explicate non merely what justness is, but besides how persons set up their ain readings of the word justness. Because everyone # 8217 ; s # 8217 ; thoughts are different, we must foremost set up a common thought of justness. To make this we must look no further than the Oxford American Dictionary ; which defines justness as # 8220 ; fairness. # 8221 ; Socrates would inquire, # 8220 ; what is fairness and who decides that it is just? # 8221 ; In the Old Testament, God would make up ones mind the definition of equity, becaus e what He says is right. Each of these authoritative texts gives good penetration on the topic of justness, sometimes they agree and sometimes their sentiments are conflicting. In either instance we can associate these thoughts to the modern-day American society which we live in. In the Old Testament justness is what God says it is, and gives a clear set of guidelines stating how to be a merely individual. In the Old Testament, if one does as God said, they are merely, if they do non make non obey God, so they are unfair. The most obvious of these regulations are the Ten Commandments which include: thou shall non kill, steal or disobey God. When one of these regulations is broken so the individual who broke the regulation is said to hold sinned, and by transgressing they have done an unfair act. When a individual sins they are punished by a title equal to that of which they have committed. In the book of Genesis when Cain kills his brother Abel, God punishes Cain by doing him roll the Earth for the remainder of his life. Cain responds to God by stating that work forces will certainly seek to kill him for what he has done. God answers stating, # 8220 ; if anyone kills Cain, he will endure retribution seven times over. # 8221 ; This illustration shows that in true justness harmonizing to the Old Testament, retribution is required to uphold justness. Cipher will acquire off with unfair workss, because justness is ideally served in the terminal. By # 8220 ; the terminal # 8221 ; it is implied that they will pay in this life or in heaven or snake pit. The Old Testament gives us the thought that justness comes from the word of God and that it will be dealt to the unfair individual at least every bit harshly as the act they committed to merit it. The thoughts of justness presented in Plato # 8217 ; s book The Republic are non as clear cut as those of the Old Testament. It starts off by stating that justness is # 8220 ; giving everyone his due. # 8221 ; What that individual deserves is up to the person or the province depending on the state of affairs. They decide that justness came into the universe because people were afraid of each other. They made the instance that people agreed non to harm each other and made regulations to implement this thought. Socrates said that there are three parts of the head: ground, emotion, and desire. In a merely individual, the ground portion will ever be in control of the other two parts of the head. He compared justness to the human organic structure when he said that justness in the head is like wellness in the organic structure. Socrates besides says that is impossible to be merely in an unfair society because the fortunes of the unfair impact the manque merely people and coerce them to be slightly unfair. It is concluded that a merely individual is one with cognition and an unfair individual is nescient. Both the New Testament and Plato # 8217 ; s Republic give good penetrations to the definition of justness. Each makes strong points and there are many similarities between the two. In Plato # 8217 ; s Republic Socrates states that penalty does non harm people. The lone manner that a adult male can be genuinely harmed is by being made a worse adult male. What is truly harmful is non pain but his ain unfairness. This is really close to Christian philosophies. In theory, one is non supposed to penalize person for his or her actions but instead to turn the other cheek. In pattern though this was non ever the instance. The most obvious similarity is their thoughts of justness both holding to make with retaliation. In the Old Testament there is the narrative of Noah. God was disgusted by the unfairnesss that adult male was making. He found Noah, a merely adult male, and decided to salvage merely him from the inundation that would pass over out all world. God was moving in a manner that H e thought to be merely, by penalizing those who w ere unfair. This relates back to when Socrates talked about giving everyone his due. Socrates besides came up with the thought that there is no pleasance in being merely other than being merely. The wagess of populating a good life are non for what it brings in this life, but instead for when we are dead. The Old Testament is the same manner because God negotiations about ageless life with him for being merely and ageless life in snake pit for the unfair. Although the two texts are similar in many ways, they besides have really different positions every bit good. The most noticeable difference in idea between the two books is favoritism of good and bad. In Plato # 8217 ; s Republic, Socrates and the other work forces are ever stating how one should, through justness ; benefit 1s # 8217 ; friends who are good people and harm those enemies who are in fact bad. This is know aparting against the people society deems bad or delinquent. It is stating that one should be punished by their enemies and benefited by their friends. In the Old Testament God punishes everyone for what they have done incorrect, there is no favoritism when it comes to justness. In the narrative of Adam and Eve, God loves them but prohibit them to eat from the tree of cognition. The snake persuades Eve to eat the fruit who so in bend pursued Adam to eat the fruit. After they ate the fruit they realized that they were naked and had cognition. In the eyes of God ignorance is merely. Because Adam and Eve Ate from the out tree and had gained cognition, it became unfair. This po sition contradicts greatly with that of Plato. In the terminal of his book the Republic, Socrates comes to the decision that justness is a affair of cognition, and that unfairness is a affair of ignorance. He comes to this decision by calculating that a good educated adult male with a batch of cognition will hold a better apprehension of justness than an nescient adult male who can # 8217 ; t state right from incorrect. Both of these books represent a good but contradictory position of justness, much like our ain society today. The ideals of justness to twenty-four hours in American society are more or less good defined, as they have been made into Torahs. These Torahs were more or less formed around the Ten Commandments, which can be found in the Old Testament. These Torahs are the basic construction of our fundamental law today. In Plato # 8217 ; s Republic Thrasumachus says that justness is what is in the involvement of the stronger party. These Torahs are deemed merely and what is merely is obeisance to these Torahs by the weaker party. This is really much the manner it is in America today. The people in power, viz. Congress, make the Torahs and we all must follow them. To believe that because our Torahs are merely because Congress said so is incorrect. That is like stating that it is unfair to rush on the expressway. It is non unfair, or even merely, it is merely driving fast. The celebrated phrase # 8220 ; An oculus for an oculus, a tooth for a tooth # 8221 ; is outstanding in America today. Many p eople believe that whatever is done should be repaid with justness of the same effect as the original action. The thoughts of justness in America today were influenced by ancient philosophical texts such as these. And in our society today, America is complimented with holding a good justness system. The thoughts of Plato and the Hagiographas from the Bible no uncertainty played a large function in the forming of our fundamental law, in stating what is merely and unfair. Both the Old Testament and Plato # 8217 ; s Republic offer great penetration into the thoughts of justness. These thoughts, like the Ten Commandments, have helped determine the Torahs in consequence in America today. Although the significance of justness is really elusive, the common thought of why a individual is merely is the same in all societies. This thought says that there is no pleasance in being merely other than for the fact of being merely. Peoples are merely because the wagess of populating a good life are non for the wagess it brings in this life, but instead for when we are dead. This is why Marx called faith the # 8220 ; opium of the people. # 8221 ; Because they are willing to move in a reserved mode and be merely, for something that has neer been seen or proven. I dissagree with this and believe that everyone who is merely is so for his or her ain grounds. There can non be a fit definition of justness in our free society because everyone has their ain penetrations and Acts of the Apostless on their ain ideas. Justice is really difficult to explicate because it is really abstract and has many facets to it. The Old Testament and Plato # 8217 ; s Republic offer us great penetrations into the significance of justness, but neither one can give a clear and unflawed definition of what true justness is.

Top Spring Break Destinations 2017

College students are now beginning waves of spring break trips around the country, and some are even traveling abroad. Here’s this year’s top spring break destinations: 1. Austin, TXThough not necessarily considered as a typical spring break destination, Austin has become an increasingly popular city to visit. Enjoy the warm weather with good barbecue, music and a chill vibe with your friends. If your spring break happens to land in the middle of March, you can catch the SXSW events. Whether you’re interested in technology or music, there’s something for everyone. 2. New Orleans, LONew Orleans has always found a spot on this list. With its vibrant nightlife, music scene, and unique cuisine, it’s hard for college students to ignore as a potential travel destination. Though, many students do go early and try to catch Mardi Gras over a weekend, as it’s typically earlier than most college spring break holidays. 3. Las Vegas, NVWho can leave out Vegas? It is the spring break destinations for college seniors who want to go all out before they graduate. With pool parties, night clubs, shows, and all-you-can-eat brunches, Vegas has it all. 4. Miami, FLWant to get some sun? Miami is also another hot spot for college students on spring break. Enjoy the sun and beach during the day, and try some of the best Cuban food in the U.S. at night! 5. New York, NY The Big Apple is always a good place to visit, anytime of the year. You can hit all the touristy spots like Times Square, Broadway Shows, Central Park. Or, you can dig deep and explore newer, trendier areas of NYC in Brooklyn. Honestly, your only concern is not having enough time to do everything you want in the city. 6. Los Angeles, CA Much like NYC, Los Angeles is a city that attracts students all year round. It has the nightlife, the beaches, and the good food. You can go hiking, or you can chill by the Santa Monica pier. It is such a big city with differing neighborhoods, you are bound to find something you enjoy. 7. Orlando, FL Who says Universal Studios is only for kids? Especially with Harry Potter World, Orlando is easily one of the most popular destinations for students to go during spring break. 8. Punta Cana Spring break is a good opportunity for students to travel abroad, and Punta Cana is one of the biggest attractions. Book yourself into one of those all inclusive resorts and you don’t have to worry about anything except for having fun with your friends! 9. The Bahamas Yet another option abroad for students who want a beach vacation. You can fly there directly and enjoy your spring break on one of the islands, or you can takea cruise from Miami. Whatever you choose, you’re bound to have a memorable time. 10. Colorado Not everyone enjoys the sun and the beach. For those who enjoy the cold, Colorado might be the best spot for you, especially with the snow season we’ve been having this year. Go on a ski trip with your friends at some of the best mountains in the country. Where are you going this spring break? Comment below and let us know! Remember, wherever you go, be smart and be safe!

Reconstruction1 essays

Reconstruction1 essays Reconstruction policies proved to be the seeds of failure in American race relations in the 19th century. Reconstruction demanded the Negroes freedom, their civil rights, the opportunity for economic freedom, education and the right to vote. This idea of Negro equality was the most controversial aspect of radical reconstruction, and violence was one of the means used to undermine Reconstruction. Racism and violence have proved to be interrelated factors in American society. In the words of W.E.B. Du Bois The slave went free; stood a brief moment in the sun; then moved back again toward slavery. The Southern whites ideology expressed certain propositions about the black man in society. The abolition of slavery ended the institution but not the system of beliefs, assumptions, and values they held concerning the Negro. Within the context of this white supremacist ideology, racism flourished. The black man was viewed as being part of a caste system where they were relegated to the bottom of the social classes with no legal In the movie The Birth of A Nation the director, D.W. Griffith, interprets the social reality and justifying policies of the Southern white in the 19th century. The tone of the movie infers that blacks are inherently inferior and are incapable of appreciating the freedom given to them. We are introduced to images of the contented slave working complacently in the field, to the freedman who has been corrupted by the Scallywags and Carpetbaggers, to the comic Negro in his clownish clothes, dancing and performing and to the vicious Negro renegade who attacks a white woman. The contrast between the Negro and the Southern white is established not only by characterization but also by southern attitudes and mannerisms. Griffith is re-creating the southern ideal of what it meant to be part of a higher civilization with values and an outlook that shaped the sou...

Developing a Close-Out Plan in Procurement Management Plan Research Paper

Developing a Close-Out Plan in Procurement Management Plan - Research Paper Example This calls in the legal advice from either the corporate legal counsel or an outside lawyer. This is a matter of withdrawing from the provisions of the outsourced contract. Usually the terms and processes for terminating a contract before time are spelled out in the initial contract. This section of the contract is called the termination clause. This clause is there for the protection of both the buyer and the seller, since termination before time can severely damage the interests of either party. Most procurement contracts usually require that the party who wants to terminate the contract before time must notify the other party within a reasonable amount of time, failure to which can result in severe financial penalties for that party. Another aspect of termination clause is the substitute provider. The party who wants to forfeit being part of the legal contract will have to find an alternative provider for the other party if it wants to get out of the contractual relationship. Such provisions and contingencies depend on the parties to the contract. There is no hard and fast rule to this as both parties make the rules themselves of earlier termination in the initial contract (Beyond the Information Systems Outsourcing Bandwagon, 2005). If a contract has a written provision that any modification or termination by agreement should be in written form, then any termination or modification cannot be made effective otherwise. But as stated earlier, this agreement is made by the parties to the contract and termination or modification can be made possible and legally effective orally, in written form, by an act, by staying silent or by inaction, if the initial contract contains such a provision (Viscassilas, 2006). Categorizing the differences in termination of contracts There are three general scenarios in which one party feel the urge and have legal approval to end the contract; Scenario A: Termination for Cause or Default (Seller’s Gaffe) This is a classic f ault from the seller’s side in which the buyer is not satisfied by the quality of the products or the delivery timings. In brief, the seller doesn’t fulfill his contractual obligations in the way he is bound to fulfill them. ‘Failure without legal excuse’ is the key term here that defines the seller’s breach. Seller fails to complete his critical obligations and the buyer is fully defensible in terminating the contracting immediately. Breach from the seller’s side should be ‘material’, which means that the damage to the buyer must be significant enough to give him the legitimate excuse to lay off the contract. Scenario B: Closure for the Suitability (of the Buying side) This tort is inspired by the Federal Acquisition Law which states that the federal government reserves the right to end the procurement contract for its convenience. Many other governmental agencies have followed this law since and have acquired the same legal pos ition in their procurement contracts. These governmental agencies can end the contract if and when they see fitting. These governmental bodies represent state, county and local and many industries are following this legal trend. If the buyer terminates the contract before it is legally expired, he/she needs to notify the seller at a reasonable time so as to not hurt him financially. After sending the notice, both parties must come to the negotiation table to sort

Ibrahim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Ibrahim - Essay Example In Islam, Abraham is considered the father of Prophet Ishmael and Isaac; in addition, he was also the grandfather of Prophet Jacob and an ancestor of Prophet Mohammed. He is considered as the father of monotheism (worship of one God); the Quran describes him as a person who believed in one true God and he was obedient to his commandments. Abraham was given the title ‘Khalilullah’ which means the friend of Allah; the Quran is quoted as saying ‘who can better be in faith than the one who submit his entire person to Allah, does good and follows the manner of Ibrahim the correct in faith? For Allah did take Ibrahim for a friend. As can be seen from the title that Abraham was given as a friend of Allah, Muslims are called upon to try and imitate Abraham in their faith which would bring them closer to Allah; all their actions and activities should be geared to conformity to those of Abraham. Another great feature that Abraham has contributed to Islam is the construction of Kaaba. Abraham, together with his son Ishmael constructed the Kaaba, which can be found in the modern day Saudi Arabia. In regard to the Kaaba, Muslims are required to make pilgrimage at least once in their lifetime if they can afford the journey; this is to show the return to perfection of the Abrahamic faith (Qu?ait?i?, 34). The character and personality of Abraham has been focussed on in the Quran than any other person, with his kindness and compassion being the areas that have been focussed on the most. The Quran tells us of Abraham as being brought up by a wicked father who was idolatrous and ignorant as his son tried to advice him to leave his wicked ways and turn back to God but he refused. At one point, Azar, who was the father of Abraham, threatened to stone him to death if he did not stop preaching to the people; Abraham ignored this threat. Despite the rocky relationship between him and his father, Ibrahim prayed to Allah to pardon his elders and his family for all the ir wrong doings. Muslims use this kind nature of Ibrahim as a model of how individuals should be towards others and in particular their elders. When God revealed to Abraham his intention to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah, he prayed for them that God might have mercy on them; this shows the compassionate nature of Abraham although God destroyed the city in the end. To Muslims, Abraham symbolises the highest moral values that a human being should possess. This is evident when the angels came to tell him of the birth of Isaac; he was quick to welcome and entertain them with a calf although they were strangers. To demonstrate the faith that Abraham had in God, Abraham saw a vision that he was required to sacrifice his own son and when told his son of this vision and he submitted himself to the will of Allah. When Abraham had laid Isaac on the altar ready to sacrifice him, God called him and told him to stop as he had already demonstrated his faith in him; this kind of faith is emphasized in Islam where Muslims are required to submit themselves to the will of God. The importance of Abraham in Islam is also seen in the direction that the Muslims are required to face in their prayers. When praying Muslims are require to face Mecca which is the holy city associated with Abraham as it contains the kabba which Abraham built with his son Ishmael. In addition Muslims are required to pray at least five times a day, one of which they must ask God to send his blessing to Prophet Abraham. The celebration of Eid-ul-Adha,

History of Theatre: From Greek to Modern Day

History of Theatre: From Greek to Modern Day Modern American Theatre Modern American theatre has changed a lot since the time of traditional Greek Tragedies and Roman Theatrics. Technology changes have changed many of the different methods that we use to convey artistic styles and themes. Todays theatre has many contrasting and diverse styles; it contains both higher levels of musical and acting talent. The Broadway sensation Wicked for instance, is a great example of modern theatre. It contains a very interesting script, and the theme of the story is a combination of comedy and tragedy. Technology changes in costuming, prop building and even acting has changed everything about the theatre. Wicked also took on an international presence, unlike past theatre, which was isolated to regional performances and even seasonal performances, Wicked has been shown on every continent on the planet. Even though there have been a lot of changes in modern theatre, the core components of modern theatre are still the same as they have been in the past. Although theatr e has evolved a lot from historical theatre, many of the same themes, styles and developments are still consistent with the past. Theatre had its origins in the earliest parts of human history. Before there was actual theatre and actors, the first form of theatre can be found in the development of dance culture. Dances were originally performed in commemoration of major events, celebrations and religious ceremonies. At first, they were very informal affairs with little practice, but dancing as rituals evolved into very sophisticated forms of artistry by the 3000B BCE era. The foremost reason that dancing occurred was for religious rituals. The theme of religion that first originated in ritualistic dancing will continue in theatre for more than four thousand years. Famed critic Ellis Havelock explains, Religious dances, it may be observed, are sometimes ecstatic, sometimes pantomimic. . . . Pantomimic dances, with their effort to heighten natural expression and to imitate natural process, bring the dancers into the divine sphere of creation and enable them to assist vicariously in the energy of the gods. The dan ce thus becomes the presentation of a divine drama. As dancing became more sophisticated with time, and they were eventually performed at every level, especially before major events such as wars, seasonal changes, or religious celebrations. Eventually, rituals evolved further into sophisticated displays that took on themes and styles, this was the first development of drama as we know it (Bellinger, 1927). The evolution of dance from tribal and informal affairs into very complicated rituals can be seen in Persian and Asian early civilizations, they exhibited the most complex form of evolving dance culture. Despite the early development of dance, there are many similarities to modern theatre. First, ritualistic dances had heavy religious overtones and only performed during key periods of time. This was the foundation of Greek theatre, which directly evolved from these tribal dances and dramas. Another similarity is the development of story-telling through theatre, as dances took on more sophistication; they took on story-lines, complicated plots and a common theme that is carried in the dance. The emerging concept of stories through dance was very important because it led to the creation of theatre. This type of dance culture evolved slowly into a new type of theatre during the Greek era, this era saw the rise of theatre, not as a religious experience, but rather as an art form. Greek theatre is where modern theatre draws its roots from. It is the start of the Western tradition of theatre because not only did the Greeks enjoy theatre as part of religion, but also saw it as an art form. The first steps towards Greek theatre occurred when dances and rituals to the ancient Greek God of Win, Dionysus, became more and more sophisticated. The biggest change was the addition of style and theme that led to the development of plays, where spoken word was used rather than only song and dance. Formal Greek theatre is renowned for its style, themes and physical constructions. Every element of modern theatre can be traced to Greek theatre. The great Greek playwrights were very interested in the development of theme in their plays. They were the first to create category of themes suited for different plays. These themes included tragedy, comedy and satire. Tragedy was the most common element in Greek plays, in particular, the biggest development that the Greeks made as in the concept of a Tragic hero, or a hero who is ultimately defeated by their hubris (Bates, 45-47). Stylistically, Greek plays had a very specific structure; they were created primarily to be played once, therefore, they were often staged in a series of four plays. With the first three being tragedies and the final one a comedy that tied them all together to lighten the mood of the crowd. The development of style and a system for organizing plays along scenes and acts was very important and is still something that persists in modern theatre. Finally, the Greeks were also known for their actual physical constructions of theatre areas. Unlike, the previous era where rituals were performs at religious centers and in preparation for battles, the Greeks created amphitheaters within every city where they would hold yearly plays and contests. Amphitheaters were large central stages that are surrounded by raised stairs for seating. They became the popular form of theatre construction for the next thousand years. Greek theatre can be seen as the roots of all modern theatre because they added many of the different core elements that we see in theatre today. They were also the first to have professional actors and playwrights rather than religious figures. Greek theatre started the trend of having professional performers by introducing the actor’s guild where they trained very skilled troupes that would travel around Greece and perform for cities and rural areas along the way. Following Greek theatre, the next evolution of theatre occurred during the Roman era. Roman theatre was not extremely original because it took many of the elements of Greek theatre and made it their own. Many Roman plays were adaptations or even direct copies of Greek plays, so much of their architecture, styles and themes were the same. The biggest difference between the two is that Romans made theatre much more secular. Their plays did not focus on religion nearly as much as Greek theatre, which meant that they were more focused on the aesthetics and art of theatre. This led to the extended use of props to communicate different meaning. For instance, a black wig was used to mean that a character is a very young man. The use of props and elaborate backgrounds surrounding theatre made them more attractive and accessible to the masses. This meant that theatre was one of the main forms of entertainment during the Roman era. Because Roman theatre was less sophisticated than Greek theatr e in many ways, and it did not have a religious focus, they performed many more comedies than tragedies. Overall Roman theatre is important to the history of theatre because it represented easier access to the arts and a secular approach to theatre. Theatre during the medieval era however, took a very large step backwards. While the Roman era expanded on the Greek era, the Medieval or Dark Ages represented a period of chaos and seclusion. The fall of the Roman Empire meant that Europe became less focused in the cities and more agrarian. Without a large audience to appeal to, the concept of theatre almost died completely. During this era, theatre and plays were exclusively religious in nature and were performed by monks and priests as they traveled around the country. The only type of theatre that was available related strongly to the Bible. Rather than having props or physical stages, plays were performed by traveling monks as they moved from village to village, there ewes no formal staging areas. From a style perspective, plays were performed as if they were direct translations of the Bible and all of the different scenes and acts corresponded with Biblical stories. One of the most famous plays of this era was the English Cycle s, which portrayed the birth and death of Jesus. Theatre during this era took a very large step backwards from the advances made from the Greek and Roman era, however, the majority of theatre development did not die, but they were not explored until much later during the Renaissance revival period. The era that had the most influence on modern theatre was the Renaissance era. American theatre draws most of its influences from this era because it closely relates to the style, themes and structures that we are use to in our modern era. The Renaissance was a period of revival that took place across Europe as changes in technology, art, science and all aspects of life took place at the same time. There were many different theatre movements during this era; the two largest of these was the Spanish theatre movement and the English theatre movement. In Spain, theatre evolved during the Golden Age of around 1550 to 1700 when Spain was the most powerful country on the planet. During this era, theatre became divided into three areas, religious, comedic and musical. The greatest development in theatre occurred in England during this period, English theatre is best known for the Elizabethan period, where theatre as an art form flourished. English theatre is known for two areas, theatre construction and its famous actors and writers. English theatre was the first to construct very large theatres solely for the use of plays and musicals. These â€Å"hubs† were where the most famous plays were performed, and the most famous of these was the Globe theatre where Shakespeare held his performances. The construction of these theatres was very influential to modern theatre because it resulted in the development of standalone arenas for performances. This was a much bigger step towards more stylized displays, better props and most importantly, permanent actors. Elizabethan era produced the most well known and famous writer, William Shakespeare. During Shakespeare’s career, he almost single handedly propelled theatre to the top of entertainmen t and national attention. His Globe theatre would attract royal donors and he was sponsored by the Queen. During this era, English theatre took theatre to new heights of success and as a result, many of today’s conventions are adopted from this era. Even today Shakespeare’s plays are reproduced in theatres around the country. The neo-classic era was known for using very formal decorum around each performance, where every part of the display had to be picture perfect. Modern theatre is very hard to explain unless we can see it through the lenses of history. American theatre is very diverse, it contains many different styles of theatre that includes traditional theatre in the form of Shakespeare plays, but it also extends out as far as Cirque De Soleil and the modern Broadway musicals. All of these different forms of theatre have common similarities however that were inherited from the past. One of the major developments of modern theatre is the location of a central theatre â€Å"Mecca† in New York City. The development of Broadway, especially in the early 1900s made it one of the most prominent areas of theatre culture in the world. Broadway brought out a new culture to theatre because it created â€Å"theatre as art† to a new level; it also brought social distinction between classes. The theme that is consistent in American theatre is Realism, a concept that was developed as early as the Roman era, but only became mainstream during the Renaissance and beyond. Realism is theatre that depicts real life, both its pitfalls and its brutality. This is best seen in a classic American play, â€Å"The Death of a Salesman†. Which showed how the American dream can sometimes be only a dream for the majority of the American middle class? Theatre has now diversified to many different thematic focuses however. Musicals, theatre, and classical theatre are very different each with their own â€Å"Mecca† and focus. Another major development is in the educational system for actors and writers, within modern theatre it is no longer a guild system as in previous generations and eras, but now there are formal schools and colleges that teaches the art of acting and theatre. Actors and writers formed their own guilds that were able to leverage their talents to help increase theatre within the US in general. As technology increased, theatre is now more accessible than ever, stages are much easier to construct and skilled actors and writers can travel the world in order to stage their performances. Technology has also made it much easier to build props, so performances today are becoming more realistic with better props and better technology. Theatre has a very strong place in our society because of its culture and history. However, even with the success of theatre it has changed because of the emergence of television and radio, which compete with theatre in terms of entertainment venues. As a result, theatre has become a more upper class or â€Å"sophisticated† enjoyment, which has led to the emphasis on musicals. In the new millennium, theatre will change even more, this can already be seen with the new types of musicals such as â€Å"Wicked† that are being performed on Broadway, as well as new theatre troupes like Cirque De Soleil which are revolutionizing how we see theatre and theatrical performances. In both cases, theatre is very much alive, and many of the elements of today’s theatre can be seen throughout history. For thousands of years, theatre has developed and become a very important part of our society. Therefore it only makes sense that it will continue to be more important as time goes on. References Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature. August Wilhelm Schlegel. London: George Bell Sons, 1904. pp. 200-12 Manual of Greek Literature from the Earliest Authentic Periods to the Close of the Byzantine Era. Charles Anthon. New York: Harper Brothers, 1853. pp. 160-174. The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization, vol. 1. Ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. A Short History of the Drama. Martha Fletcher Bellinger. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1927. A Short History of the Drama. Martha Fletcher Bellinger. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1927. pp. 3-8. Book Title: The Dance of Life. Contributors: Havelock Ellis author. Publisher: Houghton Mifflin. Place of Publication: Boston. Publication Year: 1923. Page Number: iii.

Air Pollution Essay

Introduction The earth’s atmosphere, at or near sea level, consists approximately of 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen and 1 percent other gases. If it were possible to remain in this state, 100 percent clean air would result. However, many varied sources allow other gases and particulates to mix with the clean air, causing our atmosphere to become unclean or polluted. Some of these pollutants are visible while others are invisible, with each having the capability of causing distress to the eyes, ears, throat, skin and respiratory system. Should these pollutants become concentrated in a specific area and under certain conditions, death could result due to the displacement or chemical change of the oxygen content in the air. These pollutants can also cause great damage to the environment and to the many man made objects that are exposed to the elements. To better understand the causes of air pollution, the pollutants can be categorized into 3 separate types, natural, industrial and aut omotive. Natural Pollutants Natural pollution has been present on earth since before man appeared and continues to be a factor when discussing air pollution, although it causes only a small percentage of the overall pollution problem. It is the direct result of decaying organic matter, wind born smoke and particulates from such natural events as plain and forest fires (ignited by heat or lightning), volcanic ash, sand and dust which can spread over a large area of the countryside. Such a phenomenon of natural pollution has been seen in the form of volcanic eruptions, with the resulting plume of smoke, steam and volcanic ash blotting out the sun’s rays as it spreads and rises higher into the atmosphere. As it travels into the atmosphere the upper air currents catch and carry the smoke and ash, while condensing the steam back into water vapor. As the water vapor, smoke and ash travel on their journey, the smoke dissipates into the atmosphere while the ash and moisture settle back to earth in a trail hundreds of miles long. In some cases, lives are lost and millions of dollars of property damage result. Industrial Pollutants Industrial pollution is caused primarily by industrial processes, the burning of coal, oil and natural gas, which in turn produce smoke and fumes. Because the burning fuels contain large amounts of sulfur, the principal ingredients of smoke and fumes are sulfur dioxide and particulate matter. This type of pollutant occurs most severely during still, damp and cool weather, such as at night. Even in its less severe form, this pollutant is not confined to just cities. Because of air movements, the pollutants move for miles over the surrounding countryside, leaving in its path a barren and unhealthy environment for all living things. Working with Federal, State and Local mandated regulations and by carefully monitoring emissions, big business has greatly reduced the amount of pollutant introduced from its industrial sources, striving to obtain an acceptable level. Because of the mandated industrial emission clean up, many land areas and streams in and around the cities that were formerly barren of vegetation and life, have now begun to move back in the direction of nature’s intended balance. Automotive Pollutants The third major source of air pollution is automotive emissions. The emissions from the internal combustion engines were not an appreciable problem years ago because of the small number of registered vehicles and the nation’s small highway system. However, during the early 1950’s, the trend of the American people was to move from the cities to the surrounding suburbs. This caused an immediate problem in transportation because the majority of suburbs were not afforded mass transit conveniences. This lack of transportation created an attractive market for the automobile manufacturers, which resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of vehicles produced and sold, along with a marked increase in highway construction between cities and the suburbs. Multi-vehicle families emerged with a growing emphasis placed on an individual vehicle per family member. As the increase in vehicle ownership and usage occurred, so did pollutant levels in and around the cities, as suburbanites drove daily to their businesses and employment, returning at the end of the day to their homes in the suburbs. It was noted that a smoke and fog type haze was being formed and at times, remained in suspension over the cities, taking time to dissipate. At first this â€Å"smog,† derived from the words â€Å"smoke† and â€Å"fog,† was thought to result from industrial pollution but it was determined that automobile emissions shared the blame. It was discovered that when normal automobile emissions were exposed to sunlight for a period of time, complex chemical reactions would take place. It is now known that smog is a photo chemical layer which develops when certain oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) from automobile emissions are exposed to sunlight. Pollution was more severe when smog would become stagnant over an area in which a warm layer of air settled over the top of the cooler air mass, trapping and holding the cooler mass at ground level. The trapped cooler air would keep the emissions from being dispersed and diluted through normal air flows. This type of air stagnation was given the name â€Å"Temperature Inversion.† TEMPERATURE INVERSION In normal weather situations, surface air is warmed by heat radiating from the earth’s surface and the sun’s rays. This causes it to rise upward, into the atmosphere. Upon rising it will cool through a convection type heat exchange with the cooler upper air. As warm air rises, the surface pollutants are carried upward and dissipated into the atmosphere. When a temperature inversion occurs, we find the higher air is no longer cooler, but is warmer than the surface air, causing the cooler surface air to become trapped. This warm air blanket can extend from above ground level to a few hundred or even a few thousand feet into the air. As the surface air is trapped, so are the pollutants, causing a severe smog condition. Should this stagnant air mass extend to a few thousand feet high, enough air movement with the inversion takes place to allow the smog layer to rise above ground level but the pollutants still cannot dissipate. This inversion can remain for days over an area, with the smog level only rising or lowering from ground level to a few hundred feet high. Meanwhile, the pollutant levels increase, causing eye irritation, respiratory problems, reduced visibility, plant damage and in some cases, even disease. This inversion phenomenon was first noted in the Los Angeles, California area. The city lies in terrain resembling a basin and with certain weather conditions, a cold air mass is held in the basin while a warmer air mass covers it like a lid. Because this type of condition was first documented as prevalent in the Los Angeles area, this type of trapped pollution was named Los Angeles Smog, although it occurs in other areas where a large concentration of automobiles are used and the air remains stagnant for any length of time. HEAT TRANSFER Consider the internal combustion engine as a machine in which raw materials must be placed so a finished product comes out. As in any machine operation, a certain amount of wasted material is formed. When we relate this to the internal combustion engine, we find that through the input of air and fuel, we obtain power during the combustion process to drive the vehicle. The by-product or waste of this power is, in part, heat and exhaust gases with which we must dispose. The heat from the combustion process can rise to over 4000 °F (2204 °C). The dissipation of this heat is controlled by a ram air effect, the use of cooling fans to cause air flow and a liquid coolant solution surrounding the combustion area to transfer the heat of combustion through the cylinder walls and into the coolant. The coolant is then directed to a thin-finned, multi-tubed radiator, from which the excess heat is transferred to the atmosphere by 1 of the 3 heat transfer methods, conduction, convection or radiation. The cooling of the combustion area is an important part in the control of exhaust emissions. To understand the behavior of the combustion and transfer of its heat, consider the air/fuel charge. It is ignited and the flame front burns progressively across the combustion chamber until the burning charge reaches the cylinder walls. Some of the fuel in contact with the walls is not hot enough to burn, thereby snuffing out or quenching the combustion process. This leaves unburned fuel in the combustion chamber. This unburned fuel is then forced out of the cylinder and into the exhaust system, along with the exhaust gases. Many attempts have been made to minimize the amount of unburned fuel in the combustion chambers due to quenching, by increasing the coolant temperature and lessening the contact area of the coolant around the combustion area. However, design limitations within the combustion chambers prevent the complete burning of the air/fuel charge, so a certain amount of the unburned fuel is still expelled into the exhaust system, regardless of modifications to the engine.

Important Time in My Life Essay

There comes a time in our lives where we all have to face important decisions and challenges maybe taking examinations or starting a new job. For me, going to secondary school was an important time and was a big challenge. This can be a stressful and nerve racking experience for any eleven year old, unlike most of the people that started my school I didn’t know many people from my previous primary school, so they already had foundations and memories and did not really have to make new friends as importantly as I did. There was only 9 people in my year 6 and 7 went to the same school as I did. Before I knew it the six weeks holiday was over and the morning arrived with the new shoes and the shiny black blazer. Then I had to be walked to school by my Mum. I was reluctant to leave the comfort of knowing somebody but somehow found that extra confidence to walk into the school hall full of strangers. Luckily for me I attended football on Fridays and Saturday mornings and there was a boy from there. I straight away went and sat next to him and was very relieved. Little did I know we were sectioned off into forms and I had humiliated myself by walking into the other form’s turf instead of my own heroic Miss Watson form. After having a sixth form girl come show me the correct way in front of everyone and show me to my rightful place, I found that people started to come and talk to me and one girl especially called Jasmine who was also alone, started making conversation. I thought I would be able to stick with her the rest of the day, especially when our names were called out together for being in the same form. We spent the morning meeting our tutors and taking part in activities and games in order to get to know each other. As we were learning more and more about each other, I was fairly confident by lunch time I had made a friend in Jasmine, and got over being alone on my first day. Although, as I soon found out, Jasmine had got friends in other houses and forgetting me she soon ran off to go meet and play with them. I was too shy to go after her and introduce myself to a whole new group of people, instead I just stood against a wall by myself as I did not know what else to do or where to go. Looking back on this now I would never just stand against a wall by myself watching everybody making friends and enjoying their lunch time but at the time my shyness took over and that was it. Time passed slowly and there was still half an hour to go before I could be in the comfort of the classroom with the people I recognized again. I then got through the first day of an  important time of my life. Why was it important? Because it kick started my road to getting a higher education and making friends.

Analyzing CS Lewis We Have No Right to Happiness and...

1. In We have no Right to Happiness CS. Lewis claims that the right to happiness is chiefly claimed for the sexual impulse. Because Nora in Ibsens A Dolls House does not leave Torvald for another man, the principles upon which C.L. Lewis bases his essay are moot and do not apply. Lewis exhibits a disturbing amount of gender bias, sexism, and stereotyped assumption in his essay, but he might indeed understand that Torvald has emotionally and psychologically abused his wife throughout their marriage. At the same time, Lewis presents himself as a traditionalist. His conservative social values are self-admitted when he accuses his friend Clare of being leftist in her politics. Towards the end of We Have no Right to Happiness, Lewis lets his misogynist flag fly when he claims that women need domestic happiness more than men, and that men have an obligation to keep their marriage vows because of this. The author also states that the quality by which they most easily hold a man, their beauty, decreases every year after they have come to maturity, a clear admittance that womens primary value to men is their beauty. Thus, Lewis would sympathize well with Torvald and Torvalds upkeep of a pristine little dolls house, or bird cage both metaphors fit for Ibsens play. Lewis would therefore chastise Nora for leaving her husband, because to do so violates her sacred marriage vows. She would be cast as the villain by Lewis equally as much as Torvald. Lewis would