Teaching On Deck Philosophy And Teaching - 3604 Words

Teaching on Deck Philosophy Latoya Deas L 2662298 Professor Dr. Parker Education 504 April 21, 2017 Abstract When you hear the word â€Å"teaching†. You may think about school and student. Teaching I realized it is not an easy job, however it is a blessing when your students that were struggling are now succeeding it is very rewarding. Teachers have an important role everyday and it is important that teachers should know that they are the guiding to all student’s development, intellectual, social well-begins. We are there to make sure students learn the best way they can, so they can get a better education in life and learn the best way that will be able to fit them. We want our students to grow as an adult and continue to†¦show more content†¦Differentiation is all of these and more. As a student in the class I learned about the different teaching philosophies, I learned what may fit me is it progressivism. Teaching is a balance of science and artistry. Taking the information and creating lessons to engage and impart knowledge to students who are reluctant learners and show them that they have the power of change within them. I believe it is important in guiding the development of the children as individuals and help them mature into thoughtful adults who continue to learn. Worldview philosophy of Life When we hear the world school or teaching or just discussing education, we may hear teaching is a difficult job or why other jobs get paid more than teachers especially when teacher deals with students every day. In 1982 in regards to the characteristics in the educational landscapes, Henry Giroux noted there were â€Å"severe financial cutbacks, shrinking job markets, and massive teacher layoffs† (p.87) However, some of these issues are still going on as of today. Many teachers go on strike or just getting layoff because the jobs just do not want to pay the staffs or a financial cut due to the economy. In my community I listen how an ex- teacher decided to leave her job because she was spending more money on students’ materialShow MoreRelatedThe Education System And The Learning Process1608 Words   |  7 PagesMaria Montessori was a fundamental character in the education system and the learning process. Her revolutionary philosophy on lea rning and how it should be introduced works so well that it is still being used over a hundred years after she invented it in 1907. She was born in 1870 and went to an all boys technical school to be an engineer. After that, Maria tried for the University of Rome to become a medical professional but was rejected. She later became a teacher, physician and innovator whoRead MoreIs The New Leading Petty Officer?1445 Words   |  6 Pagesnext leadership hurtle. Teaching had great responsibility; teaching material, teaching students, teaching character, all the responsibility of a classroom teacher. 3. 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Opportunities - 23827 Words

For the exclusive use of D. DE ALEJANDRO 9-801-361 REV: SEPTEMBER 30, 2005 NANCY F. KOEHN Howard Schultz and Starbucks Coffee Company Prologue: International Expansion On August 2, 1996, Starbucks Coffee Company opened its first store outside North America. Like many of its U.S. and Canadian outlets, the new store was located in a busy district of a prominent city—Tokyo. Starbucks managers had devoted much time to selecting the site, designing the store’s layout and fixtures, training its staff, and publicizing its introduction. A series of events, including receptions and public samplings, attracted consumer interest in the new store’s specialty coffee drinks, whole (unground) coffee beans, and pastries. For example, a†¦show more content†¦DE ALEJANDRO 801-361 Howard Schultz and Starbucks Coffee Company learn more about the brand and its offerings. 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Intelligence and Computing Research †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Intelligence and Computing Research. Answer: Introduction: The smart nation plan was the plan developed by the government of the Singapore in their country. The main goal to develop the plan to create a better future for the people of the Singapore through the technology enabled solution. The plan aims to unite the efforts of the government, companies and the countries people to create such plans which can support the better and also create huge opportunities for youngsters by using the application of the information technology, big data and networks (Clancey, 2012). The goal behind the plan is to set example for other countries that how a Singapore not only becomes a smart city but also has capability to become a smart nation. The smart nation mission was launched by the Prime Minister of the SingaporeLee Hsien Loong in the year 2014 on the 24 November. The cyber security and the information communication in charge of this initiative is Media Development Authority of Singapore (IMDA) (Sidhu, Ho Yeoh, 2014). Through smart nation people will have easy access to the internet thus it will be beneficial for them to share information from anytime and anywhere through their devices. Various sensors and cameras will be fitted in the city to collect the data and store them in the cloud (Bhati, Hansen Chan, 2017). The smart nation is dependent on two applications big data and the cloud. The big data will store the data and the cloud will allow easier access to the data. Nowadays in various sectors of the country be it a finance or marketing or banking each of them are using information technology applications to reduce their work and making it more efficient which give them easy access to their database from anywhere and anytime. The technological applications are also helpful in traffic signals. The smart sensors can be installed at the traffic signals which will helpful in real time data analysis (Thing, 2014). To make this project possible Cisco an electronic company has came up with the tools for smart traffic management for the roads which has capability of the real time data analysis for smooth management of the traffic. According to the report of the news paper financial times the vehicles in the world has surpassed over 1.5 billion, which implies that out of every seven persons two of them owns a car and others own various other vehicles (Sarkar, 2016). The common man can easily afford a car as nowadays it is necessity not a luxury item for them. The rise in sales of the car has increased the traffic congestion and accidents. According to the health report by the world health organization (WHO) there has been 1.25 million deaths on the road due to traffic negligence (Karada?, 2013). Thus the report suggests that there need to be management in the traffic controlling. In order for the better management of the traffic movement the smart traffic management needs to be enabled. Implications for privacy of the Singapore Governments Smart Sensor Network To implement the smart traffic management across the city, the sensors need to be installed at the traffic signals and the various records like the peoples name, address, registration number and his license number needs to be programmed in their databases for the data analysis (Zanella et al, 2014). The data can be the information of the millions of the people and in order to manage such a huge amount of data it is the huge challenge for the government to protect the data from leakage. The government relapses these data to various organizations for the analysis and reports. Thus it raises the concern who has the legal access to the data and which has not. What can be the proper framework for both privacy and easy access to the data (Barba et al , 2012)? If I am a tourist and I am visiting to Singapore for few days then it is implied that I dont any personal cars in this country therefore I need not to worry about the government plan of installing the sensors at the traffic lights as I will not be driving cars but it can be helpful if there are sensors installed in the bus stops as it will be helpful for me in knowing the routes of the buses and has the information which bus is going to arrive and what is its route (Stojmenovic, 2014). Having information of the arrival timing of the buses it will prevent me from getting lost in such a huge country. I will also have the access to the internet so I can easily take the help of the Google map if I get lost and find my way. Secondly I would be very careful in throwing the garbage on the proper place as the dustbins have sensors and I am under constant surveillance on the street, if I throw the packets and bottles on the street and litter the area the official will catch me red handed and fine me for my mistake (Hancke Hancke Jr, 2012). Thus there are various advantages as a tourist in such a city which has better traffic management and sensors in dustbin and bus stop and traffic signals. In this way many tourists like me will keep the city clean and can easily commute around the country without the fear of getting lost. If I am the resident of the Singapore then I can legally buy any vehicle in this country. The installed sensors at the traffic signals will prevent me from rash driving and breaking the traffic signals (Longhi et al, 2012). If I do then I will be heavily fined or I can be jailed if any accidents occur because of me thus the accidents in the city can be avoided and a better traffic management system can be enabled. Through the help of sensors I can also get to know about the status of the traffic at various places thus I can choose the way where there is less traffic and can easily reach my destination. The sensors on the dustbin will prevent me in throwing the household garbage (Medvedev et al, 2015); packets and bottles on the street or in the empty locality which can litter the area if I try to do so the official in that area will catch me red handed and fine me for my littering the area. Despite of all the disciplines the government is trying to keep for cleaner and safer country (Boulos Al-Shorbaji, 2014). I would be worried about privacy of my data as all the data are stored in the cloud storage there is always a chance of data breach if the government is not alert and taking measures to protect the data. It is good initiative of the government installs the sensors boxes to act as wifi hotspot in the country. All the people in the country will have easy access to the internet thus people can easy exchange the data from anywhere and anytime and it would be totally free as it is provided by the government. Being visitor to Singapore If the government of the Singapore under the smart nation plan agrees to install a series of the sensor box which can act as the wifi spots across the country. Then I being a tourist in the Singapore will have a free access to the internet anytime which is beneficial for me .The plan aims to unite the efforts of the government, companies and the countries people to create such plans which can support the better and also create huge opportunities for youngsters by using the application of the information technology, big data and networks (Anagnostopoulos et al, 2015). If I get lost in the city or having trouble in finding the correct route or the bus I can easily take the help of the internet for accessing applications like Google map or the website to find out my location and know the direction where I have to go. Secondly I can easily book the cab if I have access to the internet and I can go to that place (Li et al, 2016). Thirdly using the internet I can easily find the best hotel and restraints in my area and not have to depend on the tour guide opinions. Thus being a tourist I have various advantages and do not have to depend on the tour guide as I have access to all the information. If I am resident of the country then installing a free wifi across the country is beneficial for me in various ways. Firstly in the emergency conditions like earthquake or the flood an internet connection can be crucial for communication as all other modes of communication fails. Secondly I can use the internet for entertainment purpose when I am travelling around the city for watching videos or using social media to spend the time (Potts, 2014). Thirdly if I have to send the data to someone urgently then the free internet can be extremely useful in that case. But according to me there can be various disadvantages using a free wifi. Firstly a free wifi will be used by everyone in the public which can slow down the speed as the result everyone may not be able to use the internet thus it will not be a dependable resource in important tasks (Bulut Szymanski, 2013). Secondly if the wifi do not have a strong firewall then hacker can decode the firewall and steal the private information o f the people. Thus these are the two main reasons why I will not bank upon the free public wifi in exchange of private data. Having sensitive information in the mobile which need to be shared As mentioned by me above the free public wifi has various disadvantages firstly a free wifi will be used by everyone in the public which cam slow down the speed as the result everyone may not be able to use the internet and the second reason is the weak firewall of the public wifi (Khan et al, 2016). The public wifi can only be used for the entertainment purpose not for the information sharing. The leakage of the information can be passwords or bank account number or any other private information. Other than the attacks many user can use the internet to upload the malicious file which can spread the virus in the network which can put my device at serious and permanent risk. Thus I will be completely refraining from using a public wifi to share the information (Noor Hassan, 2013). Singapore's Smart Nation initiative was officially launchedby Prime MinisterLee Hsian Longon 24 November 2014. The smart nation has been implemented in the five domains of the society which is significant part of the society and the digital technology in the described domain will be advantageous for the citizens (Strker Kerschbaum, 2012). The domains are: Home environment Transport Health Home environment Business productivity Public sector services These five domains are crucial for the development of the society but to secure the data under smart nation plan is the huge challenge for the government therefore the national cyber security of the Singapore has entrusted with the job of security. The important component of the smart nation plan is internet of things and big data. According to me the internet of things is an application through which the electronic devices can automatically communicate with each other through exchanging data which is used in traffic signals (Thing, 2014). The second part is the big data which is the collection of huge and complicated data from which a certain pattern is generated which help in studying the behaviors of people towards certain organization. Although the national cyber security team of the Singapore promises that they are building a resilient network having a powerful firewall to provide the security to the data but with the cases like ransom ware virus attack implies that there is sti ll a huge challenge for the government to save the data (Yan et al, 2012). In the case of the smart nation plan I think that the digital identity can be assisted to maintain my privacy while using the smart nation plan wifi service. According to the news article that I went through the Singapore airlines chief David Kohl said in the news conference that they are preparing master plan for the cyber security of the Singapore from the year 2013 to 2018. The security of the smart nation plan has been divided into the four pillars. The plan aims to unite the efforts of the government, companies and the countries people to create such plans which can support the better and also create huge opportunities for youngsters by using the application of the information technology, big data and networks (Harvey, 2013). The first pillar objective is to set up the essential service of the republic which includes the e-governance, emergency situations, transport, banking, marketing and health care. T hese are the crucial sectors of a country development. The second pillar is to monitor and provide the support to the IT security professionals security is the prime factor which is to be considered in maintaining the Internet access so to train the IT security professionals so they are prepared to counter attack all types of the virus. The third pillar is better establishment of a workforce which is professional in the field of the security. The government will recruit the people from colleges and schools to make better IT security firewall. The government is also training the student in school and colleges so that they have a sufficient knowledge about the IT security. The fourth pillar is to cooperate with the neighboring countries. The government is working for stronger ties with the neighboring countries to stop the cyber crime and to stop the cybercrime which are crossing the national boundaries. The four pillars developed by the country for the security deals with all aspect from covering the crucial sectors of the society to implement the information technology to supper tin the IT security professional to training the student to finally forge the ties with neighboring countries (Kostyk Herkert, 2012). The government is not leaving any stone unturned to provide a better security to the data. studying and analyzing the pillars it is enough insurance for me to share the confedational file taking the digital assistance of the smart nation plan. Moreover I have not come across a single news article which says that there has been a major breach of the data under the smart nation plan. Therefore the designed four pillars are effective enough to prevent any breaches. Although the four pillars are strong enough for the protection of the data but I would still take some extra steps to provide more security from my side so that I can be assured that my data is protected. Here are the few of ways I can provide extra security to my data. The password security The first security to any data is its password so the first step for better security of the data is to set up the strong password for the data. In making a strong password I will take the help of the various password apps like 1password or LastPass these app offer multi-factor authentication which increase the security of the data. the advantage of using a password manager is that it can help in creating strong password but the disadvantages is that if the user forget the password it is difficult to receive back. The concept of encryption is to convert the data which is in the electronic database into another form which is known as cipher text. The cipher text encryption is difficult for others to decode and can only be understand by the authorized user (Yan et al, 2012). The encryption is the commonly used technique to provide the security to the data the key elements of the encryption is non repudiation, Authentication and Integrity. The encryption code can make difficult to decode the password but if the user forgets the password it is difficult to retrieve it back. The best and safe method to protect the data from hacking is to back up the data in cloud there are various software like Google drive and one drive where the user can store can store documents, photo and video and can access them from anywhere. If the data is hacked or stolen or the computer is destroyed in any natural disaster then the data is still safe in the backup device (Strker Kerschbaum, 2012). Thus the advantage is that my data is still safe but the disadvantage is that the data takes long time to get in the backup. The cloud is the technology where the data is stored in the virtual environment and it can be accessed from anywhere and anytime. There are various companies which provide the cloud services such as (Amazon web service, dreopbox, evernote). All the company prefers to store their data in the cloud which make it a prime target for hacking. Use rights management to retain control if data is stolen If I want to exchange the confidential data from a person and I am unsure of the securities of that network in that case the I can use the Windows Rights Management Services (RMS) a tool through which I can control how the user can utilize this data. Let suppose I have sent a file to a user but I want that he read only the first part not the second part then I can set the right that he cannot access the second part. Through the software I can also prevent the user to forward the information to the third party (Noor Hassan, 2013). Through the software I can also set the deadline of that information after the deadline the information will be automatically destroyed. To use the feature if the RMS I just need a server configured to RMS. The RMS provides the certificate for the usage of its services. Thus the software RMS features are very useful in protecting the data and I can also its feature to provide extra security to the data. Therefore from the above described ways of protection of data I conclude that the given steps are strong enough to provide extra security to the data from my effort even after the reassurance of the government that they have strong security for its data. References Anagnostopoulos, T., Zaslavsy, A., Medvedev, A., Khoruzhnicov, S. (2015, June). Top--k Query Based Dynamic Scheduling for IoT-enabled Smart City Waste Collection. InMobile Data Management (MDM), 2015 16th IEEE International Conference on(Vol. 2, pp. 50-55). IEEE. Barba, C. T., Mateos, M. A., Soto, P. R., Mezher, A. M., Igartua, M. A. (2012, June). Smart city for VANETs using warning messages, traffic statistics and intelligent traffic lights. InIntelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), 2012 IEEE(pp. 902-907). IEEE. Bhati, A., Hansen, M., Chan, C. M. (2017). Energy conservation through smart homes in a smart city: A lesson for Singapore households.Energy Policy,104, 230-239. Boulos, M. N. K., Al-Shorbaji, N. M. (2014). On the Internet of Things, smart cities and the WHO Healthy Cities.International journal of health geographics,13(1), 10. Bulut, E., Szymanski, B. K. (2013). WiFi access point deployment for efficient mobile data offloading.ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review,17(1), 71-78. Clancey, G. (2012). Intelligent Island to Biopolis: Smart minds, sick bodies and millennial turns in Singapore.Science, Technology and Society,17(1), 13-35. Hancke, G. P., Hancke Jr, G. P. (2012). The role of advanced sensing in smart cities.Sensors,13(1), 393-425. Harvey, S. J. (2013). Smart Meters, Smarter Regulation: Balancing Privacy and Innovation in the Electric Grid.UCLA L. Rev.,61, 2068. Karada?, T. U. N. . (2013).An evaluation of the smart city approach(Doctoral dissertation, Doctoral Dissertation, 2013. Middle East Technical University). Khan, A. R., Khan, A. Z., Ahmad, I., Ullah, S., Ullah, N., Khan, S. U. (2016). A CLOSE ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC WIFI.International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,14(9), 165. Kostyk, T., Herkert, J. (2012). Societal implications of the emerging smart grid.Communications of the ACM,55(11), 34-36. Li, M., Meng, Y., Liu, J., Zhu, H., Liang, X., Liu, Y., Ruan, N. (2016, October). When CSI meets public WiFi: Inferring your mobile phone password via WiFi signals. InProceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security(pp. 1068-1079). ACM. Longhi, S., Marzioni, D., Alidori, E., Di Buo, G., Prist, M., Grisostomi, M., Pirro, M. (2012, May). Solid waste management architecture using wireless sensor network technology. InNew Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS), 2012 5th International Conference on(pp. 1-5). IEEE. Medvedev, A., Fedchenkov, P., Zaslavsky, A., Anagnostopoulos, T., Khoruzhnikov, S. (2015, August). Waste management as an IoT-enabled service in smart cities. InConference on Smart Spaces(pp. 104-115). Springer International Publishing. Noor, M. M., Hassan, W. H. (2013). Wireless networks: developments, threats and countermeasures.International Journal of Digital Information and Wireless Communications (IJDIWC),3(1), 125-140. Potts, J. (2014). Economics of public WiFi.Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy,2(1). Sarkar, A. N. (2016). Significance of smart cities in 21st century: an international business perspective.FOCUS Journal of International Business,2(2). Sidhu, R., Ho, K. C., Yeoh, B. S. (2014). Singapore: Building a knowledge and education hub. InInternational Education Hubs(pp. 121-143). Springer Netherlands. Stojmenovic, I. (2014, November). Fog computing: A cloud to the ground support for smart things and machine-to-machine networks. InTelecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ATNAC), 2014 Australasian(pp. 117-122). IEEE. Strker, J., Kerschbaum, F. (2012). From a barrier to a bridge: data-privacy in deregulated smart grids. Thing, V. L. (2014, December). Cyber security for a smart nation. InComputational Intelligence and Computing Research (ICCIC), 2014 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 1-3). IEEE. Thing, V. L. (2014, December). Cyber security for a smart nation. InComputational Intelligence and Computing Research (ICCIC), 2014 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 1-3). IEEE. Yan, Y., Qian, Y., Sharif, H., Tipper, D. (2012). A survey on cyber security for smart grid communications.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials. Zanella, A., Bui, N., Castellani, A., Vangelista, L., Zorzi, M. (2014). Internet of things for smart cities.IEEE Internet of Things journal,1(1), 22-32.

The Apostle Peter Essays - Prophets Of Islam, Fishers,

The Apostle Peter The Apostle Peter, often known as Saint Peter, was the most prominent disciple of Jesus Christ. During his life, he followed Christ with very much devotion, and truly believed in his mission and purpose. Because of his devotion, he was chosen by Jesus to become the first Pope, and to take control of the Christian church. Peter was the son of Jona and he had a younger brother called Andrew, who first brought him to Jesus. His native town was Bethsaida, on the western coast of the Sea of Galilee. He was trained in the occupation of a fisherman. His father died when he was still a young boy, causing him to have to be brought up under the care of Zebedee and his wife Salome with his younger brother. Peter and his brother enjoyed all the advantages of religious training, and were instructed early with an acquaintance with the Scriptures and with the great prophecies regarding the coming of the Messiah. Throughout this time, Peter was not called Peter at all, but in fact, Simon. The Twelve Apostles were men that were chosen out of ordinary people who had ordinary occupations. Peter was a fisherman, and was led to Jesus by his brother, Andrew. The Scriptures state: "And as He was going along by the Sea of Galilee, He saw Simon and Andrew, the brother of Simon, casting a net in the sea; for they were fishermen. And Jesus said to them, "Follow Me, and I will make you become the fishers of men."" Mark 1:16-17 At the time, being a fisherman was a very common practice. It was the way many people earned their living. In this passage, Peter, at the time Simon, and his brother Andrew were fishing, when Jesus came to them and asked them to become apostles of his. This was the calling of Peter to Jesus. It shows that Jesus honored the poor and humble of society just as much as the rich, if not more so. It gave the lower classes of society something to identify with in that the greatest men of religion were from the lower classes. Once Simon became an apostle for Jesus, his name was changed to what we now no him today, Peter. Jesus told Simon: "And Jesus answered and said to him, "Blessed are you, Simon Barjona, because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but My Father who is in heaven. And I also say to you that you are Peter, and upon this rock I will build My church; and the gates of Hades shall not overpower it."" Matthew 16: 17-18 Peter means "rock" in Greek, and this means that Jesus wanted his church to be built on a solid foundation, and that he wanted Peter to be deeply entrenched in the church. Jesus renamed Simon, Peter, to express his belief that Peter would be very important in the Christian church. On almost all of the lists of the apostles, Peter in placed at the head of the list because he is the first to be called. He had an impulsive devotion to Jesus, and this is portrayed in his deep commitment and the constant act of being the spokesman for the apostles. He is often the representative of the entire Twelve Apostles. Because of his deep commitment, Jesus became a very good friend with Peter, and the two developed a close relationship. Jesus also entrusted Peter with the control over the Christian church when Jesus died. This demonstrated even more the belief in one another. After Christ's Ascension, Peter becomes the undisputed leader of the church. He takes over in Jesus Christ's mission and ideologies, and begins to preach the ideas of faith to the communities. He becomes very powerful and influential in religious communities. To the Christians, he became the principal preacher of Christianity. He was also the so-called "peace-keeper" between Jews and Christians, who were beginning to find conflict with each other. He also became the spokesman before Jewish authorities. Peter became a very influential and prominent figure in religious life. Peter spent the last years of his life in Rome, where the first of the two epistles written was ascribed to him.

Free Essays on Mercy Or Not!

Each night as I sit down to watch the news or open the paper to a headline screaming â€Å"Kids Attack Again!† I sigh. This dilemma is not growing any smaller no matter how hard we wish for it to do so. Instead it is manifesting and spreading like an unstoppable disease. What our nation faces is a problem that does not have a straight answer. Should the juvenile offenders, we often like to call them as kids, be tried in adult legal systems? Should we throw them away into jail with other hard adult criminals, and not bestow any mercy upon them? Is it right morally and ethically? â€Å"We romance childhood as a time of innocence and beauty†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (William A 1999) I do not have an explanation for this statement when research shows that crime is going up and the age level it is done at is going down. 1998, Springfield, Oregon 15-year-old Kip Kintel opened fire in the cafeteria of Thurston High School. Two were killed, twenty-five wounded. 14-year-old Michael Carnean, in 19 97, pulled out a pistol and began firing on a student prayer group. Three were killed, five wounded. (Chiou H. 2002) 13-year-old Nathaniel Brazil shoots and kills a teacher. 12-year-old Lionel Tate beats to death a 6-year-old playmate. (Little Adult Criminals May 2002 editorial. New York Times N.Y.) 11-year-old Andrew Golden and 13-year-old Mitchell Johnson pulled the fire alarm, and shot at student coming out of the school building. Five were dead, and ten wounded. Who can give us the answers to why such horrendous crimes are done by such young kids? Do we install enough fear into the other kids, by throwing the young offenders into adult jails, locking them up and letting them rot in there to the end? Is it the only solution to solve our problem? It might seem odd to some people but I firmly believe in giving the young criminals a second chance at life. Instead of throwing the youth into prisons where they are â€Å"twice as likely to be beaten or to commit suicide, and five t... Free Essays on Mercy Or Not! Free Essays on Mercy Or Not! Each night as I sit down to watch the news or open the paper to a headline screaming â€Å"Kids Attack Again!† I sigh. This dilemma is not growing any smaller no matter how hard we wish for it to do so. Instead it is manifesting and spreading like an unstoppable disease. What our nation faces is a problem that does not have a straight answer. Should the juvenile offenders, we often like to call them as kids, be tried in adult legal systems? Should we throw them away into jail with other hard adult criminals, and not bestow any mercy upon them? Is it right morally and ethically? â€Å"We romance childhood as a time of innocence and beauty†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (William A 1999) I do not have an explanation for this statement when research shows that crime is going up and the age level it is done at is going down. 1998, Springfield, Oregon 15-year-old Kip Kintel opened fire in the cafeteria of Thurston High School. Two were killed, twenty-five wounded. 14-year-old Michael Carnean, in 19 97, pulled out a pistol and began firing on a student prayer group. Three were killed, five wounded. (Chiou H. 2002) 13-year-old Nathaniel Brazil shoots and kills a teacher. 12-year-old Lionel Tate beats to death a 6-year-old playmate. (Little Adult Criminals May 2002 editorial. New York Times N.Y.) 11-year-old Andrew Golden and 13-year-old Mitchell Johnson pulled the fire alarm, and shot at student coming out of the school building. Five were dead, and ten wounded. Who can give us the answers to why such horrendous crimes are done by such young kids? Do we install enough fear into the other kids, by throwing the young offenders into adult jails, locking them up and letting them rot in there to the end? Is it the only solution to solve our problem? It might seem odd to some people but I firmly believe in giving the young criminals a second chance at life. Instead of throwing the youth into prisons where they are â€Å"twice as likely to be beaten or to commit suicide, and five t...

How to Make Bubbles That Dont Pop

How to Make Bubbles That Don't Pop If youre tired of bubbles that pop as soon as you blow them, try this recipe for unbreakable bubbles! Now, its still possible to break these bubbles, but they are much stronger than regular soap bubbles. Examples of bubbles that truly wont pop include plastic bubbles, which are essentially small balloons. This recipe makes bubbles using a sugar polymer to accomplish much the same result. Unbreakable Bubble Recipe 3 cups of water1 cup liquid dishwashing detergent (Joy is a good choice)1/2 cup white corn syrup Simply stir the ingredients together to make the bubble solution. You can use dark corn syrup just as easily as white corn syrup, but the solution will be colored. Also, you can add food coloring or glow paint to color the bubbles. You can substitute another type of sticky syrup. Expect changes in color and odor. Heres another easy bubble recipe: 3 cups water1 cup dishwashing liquid1/2 cup glycerin Getting the Biggest, Strongest Bubbles If you blow bubbles and they dont seem strong enough, you can add more glycerin and/or corn syrup. The best amount of glycerin or corn syrup depends on the dish soap you use, so the recipe is a starting point. Feel free to adjust the ingredient measurements. If you use ultra dishwashing liquid, youll probably need to add more syrup or glycerin. If you are having trouble getting big bubbles, you might want to use distilled water rather than tap water. Also, bubble recipes benefit from sitting for several hours or overnight before use. Glowing Bubbles If you break open a yellow highlighter and allow the ink to soak into the water, the resulting bubble solution and bubbles will glow under a black light. Another option is to use tonic water in place of regular water. The tonic water bubbles will glow pale blue under a black light. For brighter glowing bubbles, you can add glow pigment to the bubble mixture. However, the pigment becomes suspended in the solution rather dissolves, so the bubbles wont last as long or get as large. Coloring Bubbles Bubbles consist of a thin liquid film over a gas (air). Because the liquid layer is so thin, its hard to color bubbles. You can add food coloring or dye, but dont expect the color to be really noticeable. Also, the pigment molecules are large and will weaken the bubbles so they wont be as big or last as long. Its possible to color bubbles, but you may not like the results. Your best bet is to substitute a water-based dye in place of water in the bubble recipe. Blow colored bubbles outdoors because they will stain surfaces and clothing. Bubble Clean Up As you might guess, bubbles made using corn syrup  are sticky. They will clean up with warm water, but its best to blow bubbles outdoors or in a bathroom or kitchen so you wont have to un-stick your carpet or upholstery. The bubbles wash out of clothing.

Literature, Business, and Social Change Paper Essay

Literature, Business, and Social Change Paper - Essay Example In contrast to the typical buyer whose main considerations are price and product quality, customers are now keen on the externalities which a manufacturer makes in a society where it operates. Social changes bring about this change in consumer attitude which companies take advantage by launching their own corporate social responsibility programs. For example, the giant retailer Target documents how it contributes 5% of its annual income to education, arts, and social services to specific localities (Target 2008). The company constantly supports projects which uplift the quality of living and improve the condition of the lower income strata. Literature plays a huge role in documenting these efforts made by business organizations in order to communicate these to the public and earn their support. It should be noted that most companies now distribute their annual corporate social responsibility report aside from their annual reports. The company also publicizes these programs through the use of leaflets, flyers, television advertisement, and even in its online website.

Organisational Deveplopment and Human Resource Development Essay

Organisational Deveplopment and Human Resource Development - Essay Example r from outside the organization should be weighed before such a decision is made and if the organization is stable enough, then there is really no need for not picking a leader from within its ranks. In this paper, we shall analyze the advantages of getting the leader of an organization from outside the organization, and those of getting one from within the ranks of the organization. There are many reasons why the new leader of the organization can be brought from outside the organization. One of this is the fact that this will be a new face for the organization especially, during the time when the organization is going through some tough times (Bohn and Grafton, 2002). Not only will this newcomer inspire confidence among the employees of the organization probably more than the previous leadership, but this new leader will also bring about a sense of renewal within the organization. This sense of renewal will ensure that all those who work within the organization are inspired to work even harder so that its goals can be achieved. A leader from outside the organization will most likely bring new ideas with him and these ideas will be found to be useful within it. These new ideas might be used to compete better with other organizations with similar objectives and in fact, they may even make it do better than the others may. The experience, which this leader will bring with him from working in other organizations, will be invaluable especially when it comes to predicting how the competition is going to respond to a move from the organization (Avolio, Zhu, Koh and Bhatia, 2004). Not only will the organization be able to preempt any action from its competitors that may hurt it in the market, it will also be able to counter these actions with even better ones and this will ensure its continued dominance in the market. The external leader will have to work very hard to prove that he is the right person for the job and this will ensure that there is more productivity,

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay Example for Free

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay Shelley hints that theyll accept the creature but there is a contrast here and they dont. The creature says who could describe their horror and consternation on beholding me? This makes the reader feel very sympathetic because it shows no one will accept him as a normal human and because hes ugly, he is perceived as being an evil person. This is also a language point which also adds to the sympathy the reader has for the creature. It is a rhetorical question which shows that the creature is disappointed about the way he looks. Towards the end of chapter 16, juxtaposition is used also, to make the reader feel very sad about the creatures looks. When he enters the barn after he has committed the murder, and sees the beautiful girl lying there, a major contrast is used to emphasise the ugliness of the creature. Juxtaposition makes the reader feel very sympathetic as the reader already knows that the creature is ugly but when he is put next to this beautiful woman it makes him look even uglier and the woman look even more beautiful. The creature says blooming in the loveliness of youth and health. This shows he knows the woman is beautiful and this makes him feel even more upset and troubled, as does the reader. Mary Shelley uses a 1st person narrative to make the reader understand his emotions and feelings more. The creature says I wept without precisely understanding it. If this was written in 3rd person narrative, the creatures feeling wouldnt be as effective and wouldnt make the reader feel as sympathetic as it does in 1st person and Mary Shelley wanted to reader too feel very emotional for the creature. Another language technique Shelley uses is Pathos. This is the Greek word for suffering. This is a good word to describe what happens to the creature as he is very troubled and suffers a great deal throughout the novel. He says my limbs failed me and I sank to the ground and I dared to be happy. This evokes the readers sympathy for the creature as you have to have major problems if you are scared to be happy and it reminds the reader of how the creature has been constructed from many different body parts. He carries this horrific body around, tragically. Frankenstein is a gothic fiction novel although it sometimes deviates from normal gothic fiction rules. In normal gothic novels, where there is a monster, the monster is born evil and it is nature that makes the creature evil but in Frankenstein, Nurture makes the creature evil. When the creature was brought to life, he was a kind and affectionate character but the way he is treated (nurture) changes him to an evil character. This makes the reader feel very sorry for the creature as when he was kind and benevolent, he was treated very unfairly and stereotyped because of his looks and the villagers and Victor dont realise that it is them who have changed the creature and he wasnt just born evil. The novel Frankenstein is a very sympathetic book. Mary Shelley constantly evokes the readers sympathy for the creature by using many different language techniques. The novel is also effective in conveying key themes such as isolation and nurture and how people can change, according to their surroundings. Overall, this is a very effective novel in generating sympathy for the creature. Scott Thompson 11BE Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Sophocles Antigone - Sophocles and Antigone :: Antigone essays

Sophocles and Antigone    Sophocles is an ancient Greek writer and philosopher, who wrote one of the greatest stories of all time Antigone.   Sophocles is also said to be one of the greatest minds in the ancient world. This paper talks about Antigone, achievements and times of Sophocles.      Ã‚  Ã‚   Sophocles was born about 496 BC at Colonus in Attica, near Athens and died 406 BC.   He lived in the most brilliant intellectual period of Athens.   Sophillus, his father, was a wealth Athenian citizen and gave him a sound education in music, gymnastics, and dancing.   He was well known as having a reputation for learning and esthetic taste.   He was well versed in Homer and the Greek lyric poets, and because of his industriousness he was known as the â€Å"Attic Bee† (Rexine 132).   â€Å"Do to his youthful beauty, he was chosen to lead the chorus in the Paen of Thanksgiving for the naval victory at Salamis in 480 BC.† (Rexine 132)      Ã‚  Ã‚   In Sophocles’ long life he several times held public office, partly do to his fame as a dramatist and his gentle qualities as a man.   â€Å"In 440 BC he was appointed one of the generals in the war which Pericles led against Samos, and in 413 BC.† (Magill, Kohler p# 1023)   He was also one of the ten commissioners appointed after the failure of the expedition to Sicily, to govern Athens.   Pericles once said to him â€Å"you know how to write poetry, but you certainly don’t know how to command an army† (Internet)      Ã‚  Ã‚   Sophocles first won first prize, in a competition with Aeschylus, on 468 BC at the age of twenty-eight.   During his career he never won less than second prize and gained first prize twenty times, more than any other Greek tragedian.   Sophocles wrote more than 120 tragedies, only a mear seven have survived.   â€Å"Plutarch tells us that there were three periods in Sophocles’s literary development: imitation of the grand style of Aeschylus, use of artificial and incisive style, and use of the best style and that which is most expressive of character.   It is only from the third period we have examples of.†Ã‚   (Rexine p#134)      Ã‚  Ã‚   The seven tragedies that survive are Ajax 447 BC, Antigone 442/441 BC, Oedipus at Colonus 401 BC, Tracheniae 437-432 BC, Oedipus Rex 429 BC, Electra 418-414 BC.

Ohm’s Law Series-Parallel Circuits Calculation Essay

To end up the discussion of Series-Parallel Circuits, I would like to post this last one remaining topic which is about Ohm’s Law of Series-Parallel Circuits for currents and voltages. I did not even mentioned in my previous topics on how to deal with its currents and voltages regarding this type of circuit connection. Ohms Law in Series-Parallel Circuits Ohm’s Law in Series-Parallel Circuits – Current The total current of the series-parallel circuits depends on the total resistance offered by the circuit when connected across the voltage source. The current flow in the entire circuit and it will divide to flow through parallel branches. In case of parallel branch, the current is inversely proportional to the resistance of the branch – that is the greater current flows through the least resistance and vice-versa. Then, the current will then sum up again after flowing in different circuit branch which is the same as the current source or total current. The total circuit current is the same at each end of a series-parallel circuit, and is equal to the current flow through the voltage source. Ohm’s Law in Series-Parallel Circuits – Voltage The voltage drop across a series-parallel circuits also occur the same way as in series and parallel circuits. In series parts of the circuit, the voltage drop depends on the individual values of the resistors. In parallel parts of the circuit, the voltage across each branch are the same and carries a current depends on the individual values of the resistors. If in case of circuit below, the voltage of the series resistance forming a branch of the parallel circuit will divide the voltage across the parallel circuit. If in case of the single resistance in a parallel branch, the voltage across is the same as the sum of the voltages of the series  resistances. The sum of the voltage across R3 and R4 is the same   as the voltage across R2. Finally, the sum of the voltage drop across each paths between the two terminal of the series-parallel circuit is the same as the total voltage applied to the circuit. Let’s have a very simple example of this calculation for this topic. Considering the circuit below with its given values, lets calculate the total current, current and voltage drop across each resistances. What is the total current, current and voltage across each resistancesHere is the simple calculation of the circuit above: a. Calculate first the total resistance of the circuit: The equivalent resistance for R2 and R3 is: R2-3 = 25X50/ 25+50 = 16.67 ohms R total = 30 ohms + 16.67 ohms = 46.67 ohms b. Calculate the Total Current using Ohm’s Law: I1 = 120V / 46.67 Ohms = 2.57 Amp. Since R1 is in series connection, the total current is the same for that path. c. Calculating the voltage drop for R1: VR1 = 2.57 Amp x 30 ohms = 77.1 volts d. Calculate the voltage drop across R2 and R3. Since the equivalent resistance for R2 and R3 as calculated above is 16.67 ohms, we can now calculate the voltage across each branch. VR2 = VR3 = 2.57 Amp x 16.67 ohms = 42. 84 volts e. Finally, we can now calculate the individual current for R2 and R3: I2 = VR2 / R2 = 42.84 volts / 25 ohms = 1.71 Amp. I3 = VR3 / R3 = 42.84 volts / 50 ohms = 0.86 Amp. You may also check if the current in each path of the parallel branch are correct by adding its currents: I1 = I2 + I3 = 1.71 Amp + 0.86 Amp = 2.57 Amp. which is the same as calculated above. Therefore, we can say that our answer is correct.

Why Should We Use Solar Power Environmental Sciences Essay

There are assorted beginnings of energy. We use heat energy obtained by the firing fuels like wood, coal, kerosine or cookery gas for cooking our nutrient.The energy fuels like gasoline and Diesel is used to run auto, coachs, trucks and train. Diesel is besides used to supply energy to run the pump for irrigation in agribusiness. Electrical energy is used for illuming the bulbs, tubings and to run wireless, telecasting, family contraptions, electric trains etc. Solar energy is besides used for cooking the nutrient, illuming the bulbs etc. In fact all over activities use energy in one signifier or the other. Energy is indispensable for our endurance in this universe The energy obtained from the Sun is known as solar energy. Sun is the beginning of energy. The Sun radiate more energy in one second than the people have used the since the beginning of the life. the energy radiated by the Sun comers from the Sun. the H atom in Sun ; s nucleus combine to organize one He atom. but the mass of He atom is less the four H atoms. It means mass has lost during the atomic merger.This lost mass is emitted as beaming energy. The solar energy takes merely 8 proceedingss to go the 93 million stat mis to the Earth. Solar energy travels with the velocity of visible radiation. This heat and light energy is radiated by Sun in all waies in the signifier of energy. The Sun has been radiating an tremendous sum of energy at the present rate for about 5 billion Old ages and will go on radiating energy at that rate for about five billion old ages more. Since Sun is really far from the Earth merely little fractions of energy radiated by the Sun reaches the outer bed of Earth ‘s ambiance. A little less than half of solar energy which falls on the fringe of the ambiance really reaches the surface of Earth. The solar energy which reaches the Earth is absorbed by land, H2O organic structures and workss. The solar energy trapped by the land and H2O organic structures causes many phenomena in nature like air currents, storms, rain, snowfall and sea moving ridges etc. Plants utilize the solar energy to fix the nutrient by the procedure of photosynthesis. History OF SOLAR ENERGY: As early in the seventh century B.C, people use amplifying glass to concentrate the visible radiation of Sun into beams so they would do wood to catch fire. Many of hundred old ages ago a scientist used heat from a solar aggregator to do a watercourse to drive watercourse engine. Solar boilers are invented by Charles Greely Abbott an American astrophysicist, in 1936. The solar H2O warmer gained popularity at the same clip in Florida, California and Southwest. Today people use heat energy to heat edifices and H2O to bring forth electricity. [ 3 ] SOLAR CONSTANT: The sum of energy received per second by one square metre country near the Earth infinite at an mean distance between the Sun and Earth is called solar constant.The energy near the Earth recieves from the Sun is about 1.4 kilojoules persecond persquare metre and this measure is known as solar constant.The mean distance between the Sun and Earth is astronomical unit ( 1.495*1011m ) . The solar invariable is represented as Ion. [ 4 ] SOLAR COLLECTERS: Capturing the solar energy and putiing in usage a hard work, because Sun does non direct a big sum of energy at one topographic point. The energy emitted by Sun at one topographic point depends upon certain conditions like the clip of the twenty-four hours, season, latitude of country and the clarity or cloudness of the sky.A solar aggregator is the manner roll uping the heat from the Sun. Devicess for capturing the Sun ‘s energy over a big country and concentrating it on a little country, thereby concentrating it. In this manner it can be made to supply highly high temperatures, used to bring forth steam that will used to transport out a chemical reaction to bring forth a portable fuel such as H. Solar aggregators may be curved dishes. Solar aggregator allows the sunshine in through the glass or plastic and the Sun visible radiation is changed into the heat energy. A really good illustration of solar aggregator is a auto standing in sunshine. On cheery twenty-four hours, a closed auto becomes a solar aggregator. Light energy base on ballss through the window glass and absorbed by the auto ‘s inside and converted into the heat energy. The auto ‘s spectacless do non let the light come out. That ‘s why green house stay warm around a twelvemonth. [ 5 ] [ 5 ] PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL ( SOLAR CELL ) : A photovoltaic cell is a device which converts the sunlight energy ( solar energy ) into electrical energy.these are besides known as solar cell or PV. The photovoltaic word has come from exposure agencies light and galvanic means a measurment of electricity. A individual solar cell can bring forth merely a little sum of electricity. To acquire a more electrical power a group of many cells joined together. The group of solar cell is known as solar panel or solar cell panel. Photovoltaic ‘s have long had many applications, such as PV-powered orbiters, tickers, and reckoners. The launch of Vanguard 1 in 1958, PV engineering is the energy beginning of pick for such extraterrestrial applications, orbiters and infinite investigations. [ 1 ] SOLAR Cookers: The solar cooker is the device is used to cook the nutrient by using the heat energy radiant by the Sun. It uses sunlight as beginning of energy. A box type solar cooker can be used to cook merely those nutrient stuffs which require slow warming. It can non be used for those stuffs which require high warming. For illustration it can non be used for baking and frying. It is used to cook the nutrient stuffs like rice, pulsations and veggies. The high temperature can be produced with the aid of concave mirror reflector. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] SOLAR SPACE Heating: It means heating the infinite inside a edifice. Today many places use solar energy for infinite warming. There are two general types of solar infinite heating systems: Passive Solar Heating Active Solar Heating Passive Solar Heating: In inactive solar warming, the edifice itself serves as a aggregator of solar thermic energy. Greenhouses made of glass or other crystalline stuffs are possibly the most good know application of inactive solar. A inactive solar house does non utilize any particular mechanical equipment to reassign the heat that the house collects on cheery yearss. A inactive solar place Acts of the Apostless as closed auto does. Sunlight passes through a place ‘s Windowss and is absorbed in the walls and floors of the houses. Active solar Heating: When solar energy is non plenty an active solar place uses mechanical equipment, such as pumps and an outside beginning of energy to assist heat the house Active systems use particular solar aggregators that look like boxes covered with glass. Dark-colored metal home bases inside the boxes absorb the sunshine and alteration it into heat. Solar concentrating mirror dishes CHALLENGES AND ECONOMICS: A A A The chief challenge confronting solar energy is that the Sun shines merely during the twenty-four hours or we can utilize solar energy merely in the presence of Sun. Summer is the clip of least energy demand for Alaskans, although this is besides the clip of twelvemonth with daytime. On norm, the sunniest parts of Alaska receive less than half of the sum of the entire solar energy throughout the twelvemonth. It is really less as compared the sunniest topographic points in the southwesterly US. Besides, large-scale storage methods for solar energy are non available today. Electric storage batteries are able to hive away merely little sums of electricity.A PV faculties typically produce the most power during the portion of twenty-four hours with the highest electricity demand, and PV-produced electricity remains really expensive compared to other beginnings of electricity. For most place applications, PV systems besides require expensive battery and AC inverters. A A A Solar thermal energy could be cost effectual for peculiarly in passive-solar designed places. For place installings, there are a limited sum of qualified commercial installers of solar energy equipment. A The on the job life-time of a PV faculty is around 40 old ages, the energy payback clip of such a faculty is anyplace from 1 to 30 old ages, and normally under five, depending on the type and the sum of Sun where it is used. This means that PV panels can be net energy manufacturers, and can â€Å" reproduce † themselves up to more than 30 times over their life-time. [ 8 ] ADVANTAGE OF SOLAR ENERGY: 1. Renewable Beginning of Energy: Solar energy is a renewable resource of energy. It can non be utilized at dark or on nebulose yearss, its handiness may be by and large relied upon twenty-four hours after twenty-four hours. The solar energy supply will last every bit long as the Sun. 2.Non Polluting Soruce Solar energy is non-polluting beginning of energy. It does non foul our air by let go ofing C dioxide, N oxide, sulfur dioxide into the ambiance like many traditional signifiers of electrical coevalss does. 3.Saves Money: The energy from the Sun is free. Solar energy does non necessitate any fuel. It reduces the electricity measure. The usage of solar energy indirectly reduces wellness costs. The supply of solar energy is non affected by demand of fuel. It is the inexpensive beginning of energy. The nest eggs are immediate and for many old ages to come. 4. Environmentally Friendly: Solar Energy is clean, renewable and sustainable, assisting to protect our environment. It does non foul our air by let go ofing C dioxide, N oxide, sulfur dioxide or quicksilver into the ambiance like many traditional signifiers of electrical coevalss does. It is non responsible for planetary heating, acerb rain or smog. It contributes to the lessening of harmful green house gas emanations. 5. The Need of No or Low Care: Solar Energy systems are maintenance free and will last for decennaries. Solar energy systems operate mutely, have no moving parts, do non let go of violative odors and do non necessitate you to add any fuel. We can acquire easy more solar panels in the hereafter. 6. Solar cells have a long life period. 7. It is used for cooking the nutrient saves cherished fuels like coal, kerosine and LPG. When nutrient is cooked in cooker in the presence of sunshine its foods do non acquire destroyed. Disadvantage OF SOLAR ENERGY: Besides such of import advantages, there are a few drawbacks of solar energy every bit good. The chief disadvantage is the cost of put ining a solar energy system, mostly because of the high cost of the semi-conducting stuffs used in constructing one. The most obvious one is that solar power can non be created at dark due to the absence of Sun. The engineering progresses bing system could dawdle behind and there is demand to recycle the PV. The installing of solar power equipments such as cells/panels is really expensive. It is a weak energy beginning as compared to fossil fuels. REFRENCES: [ 1 ] Pyhsics by Lakhmir Singh, Manjit Kaur [ 2 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter15.html [ 3 ] SOLAR ENERGY by HP GARG [ 4 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //www.science.org.au/nova/005/005glo.htm [ 5 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //www.need.org/needpdf/infobook_activities/SecInfo/SolarS.pdf [ 6 ] ecell.k12.hi.us/ †¦ /solar_cookers.htm [ 7 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //lsa.colorado.edu/summarystreet/texts/solar.html [ 8 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //ecofuture.net/solarpanels/2009/08/17/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-solar-power-for-home.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.solarhome.org/infoadvantagesofsolarenergy.html

Write an Analysis of the cover of Tsotsi Essays

Write an Analysis of the cover of Tsotsi Essays Write an Analysis of the cover of Tsotsi Essay Write an Analysis of the cover of Tsotsi Essay Write an Analysis of the cover of Tootsie My initial interpretation of the cover of Tootsie was that it was at a time of the day when the sun isnt fully prominent perhaps at Dawn, or it could possibly be at dusk, as the bright orange sun is Just peeking over the tops of the buildings. Also there is the powerful blue sky at the very top of the cover which could show either times of day as it could be forming or leaving. I thought that if it was dawn the male presence on the cover could have Just started or even Just finished work, as its quite common o work shifts like that, this would also explain how he looks tired however, this could also link into the possibility that hes running away. I also noticed that the background was quite poor, and looked poverty stricken like a shanty town, this insinuates that perhaps its based in a third world country such as Africa. This links in to the fact that the biggest presence on the cover is a young looking male, as countries such as Africa are stereotypically male dominant cultures, it is showing that perhaps the film is sticking to the stereotypes almost as if to make sure that the audience understand the film. The boy on the cover looks as though he doesnt quite fit in with the back scene, his clothes look expensive and possibly even branded. A leather Jacket and Chuck Taylor converse all-stars arent exactly what youd expect to see in Africa. Also there is the fact that he has what looks like a bracelet on his right wrist, this insinuates that perhaps the boy has money, how he got it we are still unsure of. However, it may not be a bracelet and in fact could be a lone handcuff which shows us that he could be into crime. It would also explain the fact that hes wearing expensive looking clothes and looks so out of place with his surroundings. On the bottom of the cover, only very small is a train, it looks as though it is Just simply passing by. Like a normal train does, but considering it is in a poverty stricken area it could have some other meaning. This could link into the thought maybe the film contains an element of crime, as the train could be used as a method of escape. Allowing him to leave it all behind and start a-new. As this is typical of people from or backgrounds and poor cities, they escape to get away and try and make a fresh start with the facilities and possibilities for a better life. At first I thought that the child in the boys arms could be a sibling due to the fact the boy looked so young and that maybe the story was about the boys adventure to find his mother and reunite not Just himself but his younger sibling. However, after taking a closer look to such things like his background and the possibility of crime. I thought that perhaps the child was his own. That because of crime hed committed an act which left him with a child he didnt necessarily want or need and he was Just left with it due to either promiscuous relations or even committing an act such as rape, or that maybe the childs mother died and the child was left with its biological father. The boy seems to be holding the child close and tight like hes protecting it which insinuates that they have some form of a relationship and bond together so that he doesnt want the baby to get hurt. This then insinuates that the story could be about the struggles of being single and male parent in a third world country. I looked at the comments that have most to me was the one written by the guardian the popular newspaper stated Visceral, intense and powerful by the fact that it was the guardian who commented on this film it already shows us it must have high status as this particular newspaper has very high standards and doesnt Just promote anything. Also the comment makes us wonder if perhaps the story is about something bad which has happened and theyre trying to make up for their mistakes. Looking over the cover you also notice he awards it won and been nominated for. All of which are quite prestigious awards. Insinuating that it must have been quite a popular film especially to have actually won an Academy Award, and to be nominated for not one but two Betas and a Golden Globe. This shows how much of an effect the movie must have had on people. Also you notice the Production brand, Momentum. This is quite a popular brand which means that this film wouldve had a big budget and of course a wider audience which would explain the amazing nominations and award wins. Lastly, I noticed the GE certificate it had been awarded. 15. This certificate is usually given to films that cannot be seen by a younger audience due to the fact that the topics shown were a little too delicate for them so by giving the film this certificate it almost assures you that there will be some delicate issues included in the film as well as some adult themes. Possibly Sex, Drugs, Violence or strong language. This could show the possibility that the child is actually his. Also could show the audience that he is in quite a poor area and has to steal and kill to survive.

How to Remove Super Glue (Cyanoacrylate Adhesive)

How to Remove Super Glue (Cyanoacrylate Adhesive) Super Glue is a strong, fast-acting adhesive that sticks to just about anything almost instantly, so its easy to accidentally glue your fingers together or drip the glue onto clothes or surfaces. Even though it sets quickly and wont wash off, you can remove Super Glue with acetone. Acetone: The Anti-Super Glue Super Glue is a cyanoacrylate adhesive. Its impervious to water, but it can be dissolved in an organic solvent such as acetone. Some nail polish removers contain acetone, but be sure to check the label because many acetone-free products are available and will not dissolve Super Glue. You can find pure acetone in stores that sell home or art supplies because it is a useful solvent. If you view the Material Safety Data Sheet for acetone, youll see its flammable and toxic, so its not a chemical you want to ingest or inhale. It is absorbed into the skin on contact. It dehydrates and de-fats skin, so wash any spills with soap and water and apply a moisturizer, if possible. Removing Super Glue How you apply the acetone depends on what you stuck together with the glue. Do not apply acetone to your eyes or lips, but its still possible to remove Super Glue from other areas. Fabric: Acetone will remove Super Glue from fabric, but it may discolor the material or alter its texture. Work acetone into the affected area from both sides. Use a gloved finger or a soft-bristled toothbrush. The acetone will dissolve the glue and be rinsed away by still more acetone. Acetone evaporates quickly, but wash any fabrics that can withstand cleaning. Glass: Super Glue does not bond very well to glass, so you can scrape it off. It may help to soak the affected area in water until the glue is loosened. Acetone wont harm glass, but its use shouldnt be necessary. Counters and surfaces: Acetone dissolves Super Glue on counters and surfaces, but it may harm varnish on wood. It will cause some plastics to become cloudy in appearance and it may discolor some materials. Try to pry or scrape off the adhesive using acetone as a last resort. Skin: For fingers and most body parts, remove Super Glue by soaking the skin in warm water and then slowly peeling away the glue. You can usually pull the stuck skin apart because your skin is more likely to tear than to detach from the glue using this method. If necessary, apply a small amount of acetone using a cotton swab. Since acetone is toxic, avoid using it if possible. If you do need to use acetone, apply only the smallest amount needed to remove the glue. When to Seek Medical Help If you stick together lips or eyelids or if Super Glue gets stuck on an eyeball, contact a physician: Do not use acetone. The cyanoacrylate adhesive bonds instantly to moist areas, so its nearly impossible to swallow liquid Super Glue or for it to travel far into the eyes. Thats the good news. The bad news is that youll have to wait for your cells to rid themselves of the glue on their own. Fortunately, eye and lip tissue regenerates very quickly, so the glue naturally detaches. If you get Super Glue on your eyeball or eyelids, you may wish to wear an eye patch or cover it with gauze. The glue naturally detaches from an eyeball after several hours. According to Super Glue Corporation, there are no known cases of permanent damage from this type of injury. It may take a couple of days to unstick eyelids or lips, although tears and saliva hasten the removal. People who have stuck their lips together tend to work at it with their tongue, but even if you leave the area alone, it will un-stick in one to two days.

Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 18

Reflection paper - Essay Example Some simple issues or reactions in our bodies may be because of mental disease hence we ought to be very keen on some abrupt changes that may take place in our lives. For instance, suppose an individual who has been known to be active and noisy suddenly keeps quiet and calm while in the same company. Yes, one of the reasons is said to be mental disorder. Several remedies have been prescribed for mental disorders (Busfield 2-4). I have come to realize that my behavioral pattern is very important and worth noting. Although I may not be in a position to realize some behavioral changes in my life, I am determined to pay irrepressible attention to my life pattern and behaviors. I will settle on issues that do not, to the highest degree have an effect on my moods. My attitude towards mental illness is that it is with so many people of different classes. In fact, everyone is mentally ill and what matters is the degree of mental illness (Busfield 12-14). This chapter largely has made me evaluate and analyze how individuals behave around me. I tend to give more than enough time to people I chart and interact with as I am swayed that all of us are a bunch of ill populace. I am intensely sure that not all the remedies available to the mentally ill people are perfect but just a matter of tryout and boo-boo. Furthermore, I think different doctors may diagnose a mentally sick person and come up with different causes yet they attended the same medical class. No, that may not be the medical practitioner’s fault since the patient may behave differently to different people or situations. A doctor can also be depressed while diagnosing the mentally ill patient. Can he go on with treating the patient? Will he know that he is down in the dumps at that very point? I think the whole issue of psychological ill health is a very unfortunate situation. In future, I choose to concentrate on my anxiety, mood and promise to be watchful on drugs I take. I will train myself to change my

Iphone Network and Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Iphone Network and Technology - Research Paper Example become the force to reckon with. It is one of the leading brands of the cellular phones in the market, and has indeed introduced many features in the industry for the first time that have been duly copied by the other companies in the hopes of matching in the race towards the most saleable phone (Frommer, 2011). The indigenous features and offers of the Apple company, however, make sure that few competitors can match the product in terms of quality, features, cost, and ease of operation (Frommer, 2011). Such a success is quite surprising, given that Apple is a relatively new player in the field, and a few years back it was not even predicted to enter the game (Vogelstein, 2008). And now it has broken the monopoly of the established giants of the cellular industry (Vogelstein, 2008) and made its own mark, which is quite hard to match. Such success merits an in depth analysis of the iPhone and its technology. This paper analysis the iPhone technology in terms of its management informat ion system, MIS, and telecommunication design. This will be followed by recommendations for improvement of the systems. Network classification: the iPhone introduced to the world not just a new trend in mobile technology, but also a new model for the smart phones (Frommer, 2011). This means that it had the capability to access the Internet and have a global network connectivity (Frommer, 2011). This was important to provide customers with a high level of user experience and ease of operation; now they could use their phones not just for making calls but also to conduct business and use the Internet (Frommer, 2011). Since the target was the incorporation of the Internet into a cellular phone and a global access, the iPhone utilized the technology of wireless network connections (Frommer, 2011). This section studies this technology in detail and presents some of its advantages over the wired technology. The wireless network is essentially what is called the wi-fi technology (WiFi Note s, n.d.). this form of network has become the most popular in the industry, and has become synonymous with all the families of wireless technologies that are currently used (WiFi Notes, n.d.). The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE, uses a referencing notation based on numbers that are given to each family of technological systems employed by the network industry (WiFi Notes, n.d.). These groups of numbers can be subdivided into smaller categories, based on the differences in the operational techniques of the systems. The wi-fi technology used by the iPhone is numbered as 802.11 (WiFi Notes, n.d.), this being the reference number of this particular

Accounting Ethical Issues of American International Group Case Study

Accounting Ethical Issues of American International Group - Case Study Example AIG is a company with strong financials, respected the world over for its financial might, but this controversy resulted in a lot of its energy and resources being diverted towards undoing the charges. What began as an investigation into two reinsurance transactions later mushroomed into a growing scandal that tarnished the reputation of one of America's premier corporations. On Mar. 30, AIG acknowledged that it had improperly accounted for the reinsurance transaction to bolster reserves, and detailed numerous other examples of problematic accounting. Subsequently the company took corrective measures and fortunately for investors, employees and other stakeholders in many countries, continues to conduct all its operations smoothly, unlike ENRON, WorldCom and some other companies. While these companies appeared to have had flawed business models and hid the real and rapidly deteriorating financial conditions, at AIG it appears to have taken place on account of some wrong practices. AIG is once again on course to have an important impact on social and economic development issues, infrastructure investment, education, and training etc.  In fact, this is not the first time that AIG is stuck up in controversies. Nature and scale might be smaller but AIG has had a taste of controversies earlier as well. In 2004, the insurer paid $126 million in fines to the Securities & Exchange Commission and Justice Dept. for deals it structured for outside clients that allegedly violated insurance accounting rules, although AIG admitted no wrongdoing. The company also came under the glare of New York Attorney General Eliot Spitzer for its role in bid-rigging with broker Marsh & McLennan Cos., which led to the ouster of Hanks son Jeffrey as CEO there. AIG admitted no wrongdoing, but two of its executives pleaded guilty and had to leave the company. In this era of cut-throat competition, such issues keep cropping up involving many big names.

Juice Of Different Brands And Containers Marketing Essay

Juice Of Different Brands And Containers Marketing Essay Introduction Now a day with the increasing intensive competition in order to marketing a product marketing plan is considered as a sole of this, 2.1 Current Marketing Situation In our country there are many types of fruit juice available in the market. Generally mango juice is popular. Beside this, orange, apple, strawberry, grape juices are also accepted by the consumers. At present, many existing soft drink producing companies like Pran, Shezan, Achme are more or less successful in the country because of the rate of selling of their product in the market. Considering this situation, to enter into the market and to compete with other brands, our new soft drinks producing company Anron is preparing to launch the juice of water melon which will enter as a new product in the market. Generally our target is to focus on all class people of all ages particularly kids and teenagers. For doing this we have tried to distribute our product in such areas so that it is available to them. 2.1.1 Market Description Generally, in current market different types of juices are sold in tetra packets or bottles. Tetra packet is not returnable. It is very light and easy to carry. On the other hand, some bottles are returnable and some are not. Few images of these types of containers of some particular brands are shown below: Fig1. Juice of different brands and containers Fruit juice is very good for health because it provides vitamin and nutrition that build body. Since the present market is generally covered by orange, apple, strawberry, grape juice and our new product water melon juice is full of nutrition we want to present it with nice flavors, nice containers and with a real taste at reasonable price. Watermelons are grown throughout the tropics and subtropics region, but do best in the hot drier areas with the abundance of sunshine. They are killed by frost. They grow best on fertile sandy soil, particularly on sandy river banks. They ate fairly drought- resistant and will not stand water logging. Kuakata, Khepupara, Alipur, Mohipur, etc. are main production area of water melon in Patuakhali district in our country. It is also produced in Natore and other districts in Bangladesh. Our target is to collect water melon from the cultivators of different areas and make a deal with them to ensure proper supply of the water melon in order to produce Juicy Melon in a large volume. 2.1.2 Product Review An overall idea about our product is presented here. i. The brand name of the product will be Juicy Melon. ii. The slogan of the product is A taste of reality. iii. At first, it will be available in the market in cane, plastic or glass bottles and in tetra packets. iv. The containers will be of different sizes so that people can buy according to their need. v. The juice will be produced from fresh and pure water melon which is grown in our country. vi. It will be produced by highly improved automated machine. vii. It will be fully free from harmful chemicals, colors and preservatives. viii. It can be stored in refrigerator but it is not must to store it. ix. The overall making procedure of the juice will be monitored by experienced employees and chemists. x. The product will be available in almost all shops in the market. At first, in grocery shop then, in super markets. xi. The product quality will be of high and price will be reasonable. 2.1.2 Competitive Review Pran, Shezan, Achme, Frutika juices have already created a standard position in the market. So, just launch a product in a market is not an easy task. To make a good impression to consumer about the product and also to make profit it is must to know details about other competitors. Analyzing the competitor can create augment chances of launching to be the most successful one. Pran: PRAN is the leading food processing company in Bangladesh and is believed to be processing about half of the horticulture produce that goes to the processed channel in the country. The company produces and distributes fruits juices, snacks, confectionery, culinary products, dairy and soft drinks. It enjoys a strong brand reputation in the country and exports its products to 70 countries. The company has requested IFC for assistance to finance its corporate plan to expand capacity and improve operating efficiencies, aimed at satisfying growing domestic demand and capitalizing on export opportunities. Shezan: The company was incorporated in 1964 as a Private Limited Company, with the main  objective to set up an industrial undertaking for manufacturing of juices, squashes, sherbets, jams, pickles and preserves from fruits and vegetables. In 1971, Shahnawaz group purchased all the shares of Alliance Industrial  Development Corporation. Sajeeb Corporation the company is a well reputed and leading manufacturer, exporter, importer marketing organisation of consumer products (Shezan Juice, TANG, Nocilla, Kolson Lascha Semai, Kolson Macaroni, Kolson Vermicelli, Kolson Noodles, Sajeeb Biscuits other food item) in Bangladesh. Acme: ACME Group is one of the leading and diversified global conglomerates in Bangladesh, with offices in all major cities, employing over 3000+ employees. The images of some acme juice products are given below: Fig2. ACME juice products Frutika: Akij Food and Beverage Limited (AFBL) is one of the main concerns of Akij Group, which is a Bangladeshi industrial conglomerate. Frutika Juice is the juice brand of AFBL, recently introduced juice in the prevalent Bangladesh market. From the lunching of the product Frutika Juice has come up with novelty promotional campaign in order to grab the market share. It also tried to make available the product in the market through their effective distribution channel. However, the price charged by it is relatively higher compared to the competitors. 2.1.2 Distribution Review This is an important part of marketing. After producing Juicy Melon in the company it is required to distribute it in the market. At first, we will distribute it almost all shops of divisional cities. Grocery Store is a store established primarily for the retailing of food. Our assigned team member will distribute the product in grocery shops. People of our country are largely dependent on this type of shops. They can buy necessary things from their nearest shop. So, to reach our product to every people, Juicy Melon will be distributed to grocery store. Supermarket A supermarket, a form of grocery store, is a self-service store offering a wide variety of food and household merchandise, organized into departments. It is larger in size and has a wider selection than a traditional grocery store and it is smaller than a hypermarket or superstore. Well distribute our product at this type of market. Schools, colleges and universities Well distribute the Juicy Melon in the shops nearby schools and colleges. We also supply it in the university cafà ©. SWOT analysis: Our company is serving in the market as a leading competitor. Most of the products of our company are consumer oriented and holding superior market value except the existing juice brands. Thats why our company is willing to inaugurate a juicy brand in a different manner, with a different taste in the juicy drinks JUICY MELON- a pure natural drink with no added sugar, a minus fat with no calorie observation. Though our new product is expected to lead the juice market, we have a swat analysis for the betterment in market serving in an efficient way. Strength: strength are internal capabilities that can help the company reach its objectives .our company has the strengths- Innovative feature- the juicy melon is containing a minus fat characteristic, which is a new observation in case of any juicy brands. Along with our companies existing brands, no other brand is containing this rare feature. Lower price- in comparison to other competitive products in the market, juicy melon is charged a lower price. The lower price is possible due to our competitive advantage in technological and ingredient observation. Ingredient availability- the main ingredient used in the Juicy Melon is water melon. Water melon is largely produced in all over the country. The price is also seems to be very low which is very positive indication for the company. Full of nutrition-our main ingredient ,watermelon is a indigenous fruit which have to believed to have originated in our India Subcontinent is a good source of vitamin A, high in vitamin C, beta-carotene, lycopen, iron, zinc, potassium and other nutritive minerals and very low in sodium; free of fat, saturated fat and cholesterol. Weakness: weakness is internal elements that may interfere with companys ability to achieve its objectives. The major weaknesses are ___ 1. Lack of market information previously no other product is made up of water melon the juicy melon can serve the market or not, may be a questionable factor. Higher preservation cost _ the preservation cost is higher than others. The product, ingredient liquid is a season fruit so the company has to store a huge amount due to demand construction. Opportunity: Opportunities are external elements that the company may be able to its advantage. Increasing demand: Due to peoples health consciousness and other environmental factors people are demanding natural food. The Juicy Melon will be available in the market with this unique characteristic. So there is a possibility that demand will increase in a hear future. Low technology cost: Juicy Melon is available at lower cost due to its lower technology cost. Due to govt. policy, the technological assistance is available from different companies outside the country. The nutrition content: The high water and nutrients contents of our main ingredient keep our bodies hydrated and refreshed, protect from dehydration, toxification; helps in cleaning our kidneys; Vitamin A and beta-carotene improve the accuracy of our vision, preventing, at the same time, eyes-related diseases such as cataracts or macular degeneration, help heart to function accurately, strengthen the immune system, prevent against cancer and is an anti-aging and anti-wrinkling agent for the skin; lycopene a naturally occurring red pigment is the most active carotenoid that is a very potent antioxidant against free radicals and anti-anticancer agent, helps improving short and long term memory, protects and prevents from heart disorders, beneficial against the prostate and testicles and prevents skin, cervical, breast and prostate cancer, also acts as a detoxifier of the waste in the body and inhibits cholesterol formation; Iron plays a decisive role in the growth and physical develop ment of children and teenagers, as it helps their bodies grow in a healthy and harmonious way, strengthens and protects all the organs within our body and is crucial for menstruating, pregnant or lactating women, makes us active and provides us with stamina, links to the hemoglobin, which transports oxygen from the lungs to all body cells and is also part of key enzyme systems for energy production and metabolism; and so on. These all valuable nutritious functions of our ingredient give our product a high quality diet or food value and will help us in our promotion strategies. Our tropical climate: The succulent, thrust-quench fruit watermelon containing 90% water is available for maximum three months on the other hand in our tropical country, now a days, summer exists more than about seven months. As a result, the demand of this refreshing and thrust-quench fruits exists beyond the period of watermelons availability. Demand for all the year round: Besides delicious and watery mouth taste, the high nutritious value will support its demand for the whole year. Threats: Threats are current or emerging external elements that may possibly challenge companys performance. Increased composition: A number of compositions are entering into market with fruit juice orientation .Along with our companys existing fruit juice, grappyfizz, appyfizz etc. again no water melon juice is available in the market. Variety in customer preference: Bangladesh is a country of about 14 crore people. The market size seems to be very large. Again the market is differentiated in terms of demand as the people are differentiated in case of income, age, occupation, literacy, etc. 4.0 Objectives and Issues 4.1 Objectives 4.2 Issues 5. Marketing Strategy Anrons marketing strategy is based on positioning of product differentiation in terms of new taste and flavor and relatively lower price than other competitors. Our primary consumer target is children and our secondary consumer targets are young and adult people who enjoy fruit juice and other types of soft drinks. Our primary business targets are wholesalers and retailers of busy places like bus terminals, railway stations, and local markets. Our secondary business targets are cafeteria of college and university, fast food shops and shopping mall. 5.1. Positioning Though our product Juicy Melon is undifferentiated type, we want to differentiate it by providing real taste of watermelon which is one of the most flavored and nutritious fruit. The flavored taste of watermelon, the brand new type of juice, the nutritious value, the colorful attractive packaging, and relatively lower price are our major positioning tool. 5.2. Product Strategy The Juicy Melon, including all the features described in the earlier Product review section, will be sold in different colorful packaging styles like cane, plastic and glass bottle, tetra pack of different amount like 150 ml of tetra pack; 250 ml of cane, plastic and glass bottle, tetra pack; 500 ml of plastic and glass bottle, 1 L of plastic and glass bottle. The different types of packaging are shown below in the table: Packaging Amount per unit packaging Cane 250 ml Cane 500 ml Tetra pack 150 ml Tetra pack 250 ml Tetra pack 500 ml Tetra pack 1 L Plastic bottle 250 ml Plastic bottle 500 ml Plastic bottle 1 L Glass bottle 250 ml Glass bottle 500 ml Glass bottle 1 L The delicious taste and flavour of products main ingredient, water melon and colorful attractive packaging; purity and asepty of Juicy melon and comparatively lower price are all favorable features of our product to attract our target customers and to take competitive advantage. We will introduce another new taste and flavor of pineapple (the Juicy pineapple) in the next year thereby expanding product line. Building brand equity with new taste and purity is an integral part of our product strategy. The brand name (ABC), slogan (BRINGS TASTE IN LIFE) will be displayed on the pack, cane and bottle that means on overall packaging and in our primary introductory marketing campaign these will be reinforced. 5.3. Price Strategy The Juicy Melon will follow market penetration pricing strategy with target of large market sharing by attracting large number of buyers. The Juicy melon will be introduced at the wholesale and retail price per unit which are shown in the following table Packaging Price Per Unit Cane, 250 ml 13 Cane, 500 ml 25 Tetra pack, 150 ml 10 Tetra pack, 250 ml 13 Tetra pack, 500 ml 25 Tetra pack, 1L 48 Plastic bottle, 250 ml 13 Plastic bottle, 500 ml 25 Plastic bottle, 1L 48 Glass bottle, 250 ml 13 Glass bottle, 500 ml 25 Glass bottle, 1L 48 5.4. Distribution Strategy Our distribution strategy is intensive distribution to make the product available to the consumer by stoking as many outlets as possible. Indirect consumer marketing channel (Producer Wholesaler Retailer Consumer) is our major distribution channel. In various occasion like Pahela Baishakh, International Mother Language Day, Independent Day, Victory Day, Eid Ul Azha, Eid Ul Fitar, Durga Puja, fair and so on, we will follow mobile marketing using direct consumer marketing channel by direct selling to consumer at half of the price per unit in the college and university campus and other gathering and fair place. 5.5. Marketing Communication Strategy By using all media like TV channels, printing media, radio, bill board, we will integrate all messages to reinforce the brand name, the main points of positioning of new and unique taste and flavor and lower price. We will follow both a combination of pull and push strategy. Our persuasive and comparative advertising objectives will be achieved through selecting appropriate timing, media and advertising strategy by advertising agency based on media consumption research to reach prospect buyers for pull strategy before and during product introduction. Consumer sales promotion tools like premium, contests which will be communicated through advertising will be used for pull strategy. For push strategy we will use trade sales promotions like discount, premium, display allowance to attract motivate, retain and persuade wholesaler and retailer to give self space, promote in advertising, and push our product to consumers. For our new product we need large advertising budget as we want to gain large marketing share. 5.6. Marketing Research Our exploratory and descriptive research objectives are- -measuring brand awareness during and after marketing campaigns which will help us determines the effectiveness and efficiency of our messages and media, -studying customer satisfaction to gauge market reaction, -identifying opportunities for our future product development effort, -measuring and analyzing customer attitudes toward competing brands and products. 5.7. Marketing Organization The structure of our marketing organization is organized by function which is shown in the following figure. The Chief marketing officer holds overall authorization for marketing strategy and direction Chief Marketing Officer Sales Manager Public Relation Manager Promotion Manager Research Manager Promotion Analyst Advertising Analyst Figure: Arnones Marketing Organization 6.0 Action Programs We will launch our product Juicy Melon in first January 2011.The summary of our next four months action programs to our objectives are given below. December, 2010 We will introduce our Juicy Melon formally by arranging concert inviting most popular celebrity and nutritionists who will give some speech about our products nutritious value. We will start trade sales promotion strategies by communicating selected wholesaler. January, 2011 We will start integrated campaign targeting our prospected customer using multimedia like TV channels, printing media, radio, bill board. We will start consumer sales promotion. February, 2011 We will continue multimedia advertising campaign to reinforce our positioning strategies and will also continue trade sales promotion tactics. March, 2011 We will use new type of advertising, and will continue consumer sales promotion and will use mobile marketing. 7.0 Budget: This marketing plan includes a detailed budget, schedule, and managerial assignment for every action program. After implementing the marketing plan, up-to-date data has to be collected about the product position regularly and then for control purposes the plan will be allowed for month-by-month comparison of actual versus projected sales and expenses. Budgets as managerial tools How much will the activities defined above cost? Can you provide a revenue forecast? Explain the assumptions on which the forecast is based and consider various (best case, worst case) scenarios. Since many Information Centers now operate as cost centers, if not profit centers, this component of the plan is extremely important. The classic quantification of a marketing plan appears in the form of budgets. Because these are so rigorously quantified, they are particularly important. They should, thus, represent an unequivocal projection of actions and expected results. What is more, they should be capable of being monitored accurately; and, indeed, performance against budget is the main (regular) management review process. The purpose of a marketing budget is, thus, to pull together all the revenues and costs involved in marketing into one comprehensive document. It is a managerial tool that balances what is needed to be spent against what can be afforded, and helps make choices about priorities. It is then used in monitoring performance in practice. The marketing budget is usually the most powerful tool by which you think through the relationship between desired results and available means. Its starting point should be the marketing strategies and plans, which have already been formulated in the marketing plan itself; although, in practice, the two will run in parallel and will interact. At the very least, the rigorous, highly quantified, budgets may cause a rethink of some of the more optimistic elements of the plans. Objectives of Budget Budget serves two main purposes To protect profitability To help managers plan for expenditures, scheduling, and operations related to each action program. Determining costs There are different types of costs like fixed costs and variable costs. Fixed costs (also known as overhead) are costs that do not vary with production or sales levels and include costs such as rent, interest, depreciation and clerical and management salaries. Regardless of the level of output company must pay these costs. The total fixed costs remain constant as output increases, the fixed costs per unit will decrease as output increase because the total fixed costs are spread across more unit of output. On the other hand variable costs vary directly with the level of production and include costs related to the direct production of the product and many of the marketing costs associated with selling it. Although these costs tend to be uniform for each unit produced, they are called variable costs because their total varies with the number of units produced. Total first year sales revenue for the Juicy melon is projected at tk2000000 million, with an average wholesale price tk 13.00 per bottle and variable cost per bottle 3.00 tk for per bottle sales volumes 400000. We anticipate a first year loss up to 10 million on the juicy melon. Break even calculation indicates that the juicy melon will become profitable after the sales volume exceeds 40000 early in the products second year. Our breakeven analysis of juicy melons first product assumes per bottle whole sale revenue of amount per bottle. Variable cost of tk 3 per bottle, and estimated first year fixed cost of 400000. Based on the assumption the breakeven calculation is: Beak even volume = = Fixed costs / price variable costs = 400000/13-3 = 40000 Where as fixed costs = 4, 00,000 Variable cost = 3 Expected unit sales= 50,000 Unit costs = variable costs + fixed cost/expected unit sales = 3+ 400000/50000 = 11 Mark up price = unit costs / 1- desired return on sales 16 percent = 11/ 1- 0.16 = 13 Determining price is one of the most important marketing decisions and marketers have to considerable leeway when setting prices. The limiting factors are demand and costs. Demand factors such as buyer perceived value, set the price ceiling. The companys cost set the price floor. In between these two factors, we as a marketer must consider competitors price and other factors such as reseller requirements, government regulations, and company objectives as well. Since we started as a new product we would like to sell at wholesale prices tk 13.00. In order to expand the market and to gain market share rapidly we launch the product at a lower price. Accordingly we first consider pricing decision s from a cost perspective. The n we consider consumer value, the competitive environment and the reseller requirements. 8.0 Controls Controls help management assess results after the plan is implemented, identify any problems or performance variations, and initiate corrective action. We would like to plan tight control measures to closely monitor quality and customer satisfaction. This will enable us to react quickly in correcting any problems that may occur. Other early warning signals that will be monitored for signs of deviation from the plan include monthly sales (by segment and channels) and monthly expenses. Giving the emphasis on the market volatility, contingency plans are developed to address fast moving environmental changes such as new technology and new competition. Now a day the executive drinks market is steadily increasing with passing time. With keeping this in mind, our marketing programs will expand accordingly. The addition of an internally index will allow juicy melon to the market with the expanding number of potential customers. Sales will increase accordingly, providing working capital for internal product development, marketing department growth, and Internet development. A presence on the Internet will be a key milestone to expanding sales and marketing potentials through the utilization of new channels. Ultimately everything is carried out to monitor the project success. Break-even analysis Based on understanding of the costs, consumer value and the competitive environment and reseller requirement we have decided to set its price to wholesalers at tk 13.00.At that price what sales level will be needed to break even or make profit is determined. Breakeven analysis determines the unit volume 40,000 and taka sales needed to be profitable given a particular price and cost structure. At the breakeven point, total revenue equals total costs and profit is zero. Above this point the company will make profit; below it, the company will lose money. The break even analysis shows that to reach the break even point, the company is required to have sold 4000 units of the juice. As per the sales forecast, it will happen by the end of 4th year (2014) of launching product into the market. Table: Break Even analysis Quantity of bottles(thousands) (1) FC (Tk) (thousand) (2) VC (Tk) (thousand) (3) = (1) ÃÆ'- Tk. 3 TC (Tk) (thousand) (4) = (2) +( 3) TR (Tk) (thousand) (5) = (1) ÃÆ'- Tk 13 Profit (Tk) (thousand) 0 400 0 400 0 -400 10 400 30 430 130 -300 20 400 60 460 260 -200 30 400 90 490 390 -100 40 400 120 520 520 0 50 400 150 550 650 100 Figure : Break Even analysis Conclusion In order to the effective